Mészárosová Mária, Mészáros Gábor, Moravčíková Nina, Pavlík Ivan, Margetín Milan, Kasarda Radovan
Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia.
Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
Animals (Basel). 2022 May 25;12(11):1346. doi: 10.3390/ani12111346.
This study explored the genomic diversity and selection signatures in two Slovakian national breeds, the Original Valachian and the Improved Valachian sheep. As they are an important animal genetic resource within the country, but with decreasing population size, our aim is to identify potentially valuable genomic regions. A total of 97 sheep (18 male and 79 female) from the Original Valachian, and 69 sheep (25 male and 44 female) from the Improved Valachian populations were genotyped using the GeneSeek GGP Ovine 50 K chip. The inbreeding levels were assessed with runs of homozygosity (ROH). The selection signatures within breeds were identified based on the top 1% of most homozygous regions within the breed, the so-called ROH islands. The selection signatures between breeds were assessed based on variance in linkage disequilibrium. Overall, we have identified selection signatures with quantitative trait loci (QTL) and genes pointing towards all three production purposes of the Valachian sheep, milk, meat, and wool, including their quality characteristics. Another group with apparent large importance was the various traits related to health and resistance to parasites, which is well in line with the sturdy nature of this breed.
本研究探讨了斯洛伐克两个本土品种，即原始瓦拉几亚羊和改良瓦拉几亚羊的基因组多样性和选择印记。由于它们是该国重要的动物遗传资源，但种群数量在减少，我们的目标是识别潜在有价值的基因组区域。使用GeneSeek GGP绵羊50K芯片对来自原始瓦拉几亚羊的97只绵羊（18只雄性和79只雌性）以及来自改良瓦拉几亚羊种群的69只绵羊（25只雄性和44只雌性）进行了基因分型。通过纯合子片段（ROH）评估近亲繁殖水平。基于品种内最纯合区域的前1%，即所谓的ROH岛，识别品种内的选择印记。基于连锁不平衡的方差评估品种间的选择印记。总体而言，我们已经识别出与数量性状位点（QTL）和基因相关的选择印记，这些位点和基因指向瓦拉几亚羊的所有三个生产用途，即奶、肉和毛，包括它们的品质特征。另一个明显非常重要的类别是与健康和抗寄生虫相关的各种性状，这与该品种强壮的特性相符。
