Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland.
Smolice Plant Breeding Ltd., Co., National Research Institute Group, Smolice 146, 63-740 Kobylin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 29;23(11):6105. doi: 10.3390/ijms23116105.
On the basis of studies carried out in the last few years, it is estimated that maize diseases cause yield losses of up to 30% each year. The most dangerous diseases are currently considered to be caused by fungi of the genus , which are the main culprits of root rot, ear rots, and stalk rot. Early plant infection causes grain diminution, as well as a significant deterioration in nutritional value and fodder quality due to the presence of harmful mycotoxins. Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify new markers of the SilicoDArT and SNP type, which could be used for the mass selection of varieties resistant to fusarium. The plant material consisted of 186 inbred maize lines. The lines came from experimental plots belonging to two Polish breeding companies: Plant Breeding Smolice Ltd., (Co., Kobylin, Poland). Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute Group (51°41'23.16″ N, 17°4'18.241″ E), and Małopolska Plant Breeding Kobierzyce, Poland Ltd., (Co., Kobierzyce, Poland) (50°58'19.411″ N, 16°55'47.323″ E). As a result of next-generation sequencing, a total of 81,602 molecular markers were obtained, of which, as a result of the associative mapping, 2962 (321 SilicoDArT and 2641 SNP) significantly related to plant resistance to fusarium were selected. Out of 2962 markers significantly related to plant resistance in the fusarium, seven markers (SilicoDArT, SNP) were selected, which were significant at the level of 0.001. They were used for physical mapping. As a result of the analysis, it was found that two out of seven selected markers (15,097-SilicoDArT and 58,771-SNP) are located inside genes, on chromosomes 2 and 3, respectively. Marker 15,097 is anchored to the gene encoding putrescine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase while marker 58,771 is anchored to the gene encoding the peroxidase precursor 72. Based on the literature data, both of these genes may be associated with plant resistance to fusarium. Therefore, the markers 15,097 (SilicoDArT) and 58,771 (SNP) can be used in breeding programs to select lines resistant to fusarium.
基于过去几年的研究，估计玉米病害每年导致高达 30%的产量损失。目前，最危险的病害被认为是由真菌引起的，它们是导致根腐病、穗腐病和茎腐病的主要罪魁祸首。早期植物感染会导致谷物减少，同时由于存在有害的真菌毒素，营养价值和饲料质量会显著恶化。因此，研究的目的是鉴定新型 SilicoDArT 和 SNP 类型标记物，可用于对镰刀菌抗性品种进行大规模选择。植物材料由 186 个自交系玉米组成。这些品系来自两个波兰育种公司的实验田：Smolice 有限公司（波兰 Kobylin）和 Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute Group（51°41'23.16″ N，17°4'18.241″ E），以及 Małopolska Plant Breeding Kobierzyce，波兰有限公司（波兰 Kobierzyce）（50°58'19.411″ N，16°55'47.323″ E）。通过下一代测序，共获得 81602 个分子标记物，其中通过关联作图选择了 2962 个（321 个 SilicoDArT 和 2641 个 SNP）与植物对镰刀菌抗性显著相关的标记物。在与植物对镰刀菌抗性显著相关的 2962 个标记物中，选择了 7 个标记物（SilicoDArT 和 SNP），它们在 0.001 水平上具有显著性。这些标记物用于物理作图。分析结果表明，在选择的 7 个标记物（SilicoDArT 和 SNP）中有 2 个（15097-SilicoDArT 和 58771-SNP）位于基因内部，分别位于第 2 号和第 3 号染色体上。标记物 15097 被锚定到编码腐胺 N-羟基肉桂酰基转移酶的基因上，而标记物 58771 被锚定到编码过氧化物酶前体 72 的基因上。基于文献数据，这两个基因都可能与植物对镰刀菌的抗性有关。因此，标记物 15097（SilicoDArT）和 58771（SNP）可用于育种计划，以选择对镰刀菌具有抗性的品系。
