Zhao Qiang, Pang Lang, Wang Dengquan
Beijing Urban Construction Group, Beijing 101499, China.
School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, China.
Materials (Basel). 2022 May 26;15(11):3803. doi: 10.3390/ma15113803.
This paper discusses a sustainable way to prepare construction materials from metallurgical slags. Steel slag, copper slag, lead-zinc slag, and electric furnace ferronickel slag are the most common metallurgical slags that could be used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and aggregates. However, they have some adverse effects that could significantly limit their applications when used in cement-based materials. The setting time is significantly delayed when steel slag is utilized as an SCM. With the addition of 30% steel slag, the initial setting time and final setting time are delayed by approximately 60% and 40%, respectively. Because the specific gravity of metallurgical slags is 10-40% higher than that of natural aggregates, metallurgical slags tend to promote segregation when utilized as aggregates. Furthermore, some metallurgical slags deteriorate the microstructure of hardened pastes, resulting in higher porosity, lower mechanical properties, and decreased durability. In terms of safety, there are issues with the soundness of steel slag, the alkali-silica reaction involving cement and electric furnace ferronickel slag, and the environmental safety concerns, due to the leaching of heavy metals from copper slag and lead-zinc slag.
本文讨论了一种利用冶金炉渣制备建筑材料的可持续方法。钢渣、铜渣、铅锌渣和电炉镍铁渣是最常见的冶金炉渣，可作为辅助胶凝材料（SCMs）和骨料。然而，它们存在一些不利影响，在用于水泥基材料时可能会显著限制其应用。当钢渣用作SCM时，凝结时间会显著延迟。添加30%的钢渣时，初凝时间和终凝时间分别延迟约60%和40%。由于冶金炉渣的比重比天然骨料高10 - 40%，当用作骨料时，冶金炉渣往往会促进离析。此外，一些冶金炉渣会使硬化浆体的微观结构恶化，导致孔隙率更高、力学性能更低和耐久性下降。在安全性方面，钢渣的安定性、水泥与电炉镍铁渣之间的碱 - 硅反应以及由于铜渣和铅锌渣中重金属的浸出而产生的环境安全问题。
