Cabeza-Prieto Alejandro, Camino-Olea María Soledad, Sáez-Pérez María Paz, Llorente-Álvarez Alfredo, Ramos Gavilán Ana Belén, Rodríguez-Esteban María Ascensión
E.T.S. de Arquitectura, Universidad de Valladolid, avda Salamanca, 18, 47014 Valladolid, Spain.
Campus Fuentenueva, Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas, Universidad de Granada, calle Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jun 4;15(11):4001. doi: 10.3390/ma15114001.
During interventions to improve the energy efficiency of cultural heritage, it is common to use methodologies that are used for current buildings with different thermal behaviour. For this reason, research has been carried out on the thermal behaviour of old brick walls by carrying out thermal flow tests in the laboratory on brickwork specimens, in order to compare the behaviour of handmade bricks and mechanical bricks from more than a century ago, and to analyse the relationship between the values of thermal conductivity, humidity, density and porosity, as well as to compare these results with those obtained by applying the procedure of the EN-1745 standard. It was concluded that bricks behave thermally differently, depending on the manufacturing process: handmade or mechanical, in both types of brick it was found that the higher the moisture content and density were, the higher the brick's thermal conductivity value. It has also been concluded that old bricks have thermal conductivity values different from those indicated in EN-1745 as a function of density, and that the ratio detected in these specimens in the dry state and in the wet state does not conform to the processes indicated in the standard. With regard to porosity, it is important to note that the greater the closed porosity, the lower the conductivity. It has been concluded that in order to intervene in cultural heritage buildings, it is necessary to carry out a specific study of the behaviour of the systems with which they were constructed.
在提高文化遗产能源效率的干预措施中，通常会使用适用于具有不同热性能的现有建筑的方法。因此，通过在实验室对砖砌试件进行热流测试，对旧砖墙的热性能进行了研究，以便比较一个多世纪前手工砖和机制砖的性能，分析导热系数、湿度、密度和孔隙率之间的关系，并将这些结果与应用EN-1745标准程序获得的结果进行比较。得出的结论是，砖的热性能因制造工艺而异：手工制造或机制，在这两种类型的砖中都发现，含水量和密度越高，砖的导热系数值就越高。还得出结论，旧砖的导热系数值与EN-1745中根据密度所示的值不同，并且在这些试件中检测到的干燥状态和潮湿状态下的比例不符合标准中规定的过程。关于孔隙率，需要注意的是，封闭孔隙率越大，导热率越低。得出的结论是，为了对文化遗产建筑进行干预，有必要对其建造时所使用系统的性能进行具体研究。
