Silva Arejacy A, Carvalho Mario, Coutinho João, Vasconcelos Ernesto, Fangueiro David
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Celso Ferreira da Silva 1333, Avare 18707-150, Brazil.
LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
Plants (Basel). 2022 May 31;11(11):1473. doi: 10.3390/plants11111473.
In many countries, livestock slurry must be injected or incorporated into the soil to reduce nitrogen losses. However, when the injection is not feasible, farmers adopting conservation practices discard the use of slurry as fertilizer. New approaches related to slurry treatment or application management can stimulate the use of slurry in conservation agriculture (CA). This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic effects of some new management strategies to use dairy slurry for fertilization of ryegrass grown on stubble-covered soil, using as reference standard practices (slurry injection and mineral fertilizer application). The following treatments were considered: (i) bare soil: control (CB), mineral fertilizer (MB), injection (IN); (ii) stubble: control (CS), acidified dairy slurry (ADS), raw dairy slurry (RDS), irrigation following RDS (IR), mineral fertilizer (MS), RDS placed under the stubble (US), raw slurry applied 16 days after sowing (RDS T16). Effects on ryegrass yield, apparent nutrient recovery (ANR) and soil chemical properties were assessed. ADS reached 94% equivalence to MS and performed similarly to IN for productivity, ANR and soil parameters showing to be a sustainable alternative to replace mineral nitrogen and a potential solution to enable dairy slurry application in CA without injection or incorporation into the soil.
在许多国家，必须将家畜粪便注入土壤或混入土壤中以减少氮素损失。然而，当无法进行注入时，采用保护性措施的农民就会放弃将粪便用作肥料。与粪便处理或施用管理相关的新方法能够促进在保护性农业（CA）中使用粪便。本研究旨在评估一些新管理策略对茬地覆盖土壤上种植的黑麦草施用奶牛粪便的农艺效果，并将标准做法（粪便注入和施用矿物肥料）作为参考。考虑了以下处理方式：（i）裸土：对照（CB）、矿物肥料（MB）、注入（IN）；（ii）茬地：对照（CS）、酸化奶牛粪便（ADS）、生鲜奶牛粪便（RDS）、RDS后灌溉（IR）、矿物肥料（MS）、RDS置于茬下（US）、播种16天后施用生鲜粪便（RDS T16）。评估了对黑麦草产量、表观养分回收率（ANR）和土壤化学性质的影响。ADS与MS的等效性达到94%，在生产力、ANR和土壤参数方面表现与IN相似，表明是替代矿物氮的可持续选择，也是在不注入或混入土壤的情况下在CA中施用奶牛粪便的潜在解决方案。
