Lai Yin-Hung, Wang Yi-Sheng
Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Mass Spectrom Rev. 2023 Nov-Dec;42(6):2426-2445. doi: 10.1002/mas.21790. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
A major challenge in modern mass spectrometry (MS) is achieving high mass resolving power and accuracy for precision analyses in high mass-to-charge (m/z) regions. To advance the capability of MS for increasingly demanding applications, understanding limitations of state-of-the-art techniques and their status in applied sciences is essential. This review summarizes important instruments in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and related advances to extend their working range to high m/z regions. It starts with an overview of HRMS techniques that provide adequate performance for macromolecular analysis, including Fourier-transform, time-of-flight (TOF), quadrupole-TOF, and related data-processing techniques. Methodologies and applications of HRMS for characterizing macromolecules in biochemistry and material sciences are summarized, such as top-down proteomics, native MS, drug discovery, structural virology, and polymer analyses.
现代质谱分析（MS）面临的一个重大挑战是在高质量荷比（m/z）区域实现高精度分析所需的高分辨率和准确性。为了提升质谱技术以满足日益苛刻的应用需求，了解现有技术的局限性及其在应用科学中的地位至关重要。本综述总结了高分辨率质谱（HRMS）中的重要仪器以及将其工作范围扩展到高m/z区域的相关进展。首先概述了能够为大分子分析提供足够性能的HRMS技术，包括傅里叶变换、飞行时间（TOF）、四极杆-飞行时间质谱以及相关的数据处理技术。总结了HRMS在生物化学和材料科学中表征大分子的方法和应用，如自上而下的蛋白质组学、天然质谱、药物发现、结构病毒学和聚合物分析。
