Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Systemic Hypertension on Macular Hole Surgery.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the anatomical and functional results of macular hole surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) without retinopathy.

STUDY DESIGN

Descriptive comparative study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY

Department of Ophthalmology, Health Sciences University Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey between January 2016 and December 2020.

METHODOLOGY

This study included 141 eyes of 139 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for macular holes. The patients were divided into two groups according to the anatomic closure after surgery. Group 1 (cases) were patients with macular hole closure, and group 2 (controls) were patients whose macular hole was not closed. The patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) or hypertension (HT) were compared. All patients did not have retinopathy. After surgery, the anatomical closure rate of the macular hole and the amount of increase in visual acuity were measured. Significance of the difference between the groups was evaluated using chi-square test.

RESULTS

The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.30 logMAR before surgery and 0.7 logMAR after surgery (p<0.001). While BCVA was 1.3 logMAR before surgery in the group with DM, it was 0.7 logMAR after surgery (p<0.001). In the group with HT, BCVA was 1.3 logMAR before surgery and 0.7 logMAR after surgery (p<0.001). The anatomic success rate after surgery in patients with DM was similar to the group without DM (p=0.93). The anatomic success rate after surgery in patients with HT was similar to the group without HT (p=0.46).

CONCLUSIONS

In the absence of retinopathy there is no difference between the success rates of the macular hole surgery in patients with or without DM and HT.

KEY WORDS

Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Vitrectomy, Macular hole.