Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
Nanoscale Horiz. 2022 Jul 25;7(8):801-821. doi: 10.1039/d2nh00158f.
Stretchable displays have recently received increasing attention as input and/or output interfaces for next-generation human-friendly electronic systems. Stretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices are a core component of stretchable displays, and they can be classified into two types, structurally stretchable EL devices and intrinsically stretchable EL devices, according to the mechanism for achieving their stretchability. We herein present recent advances in materials and design strategies for stretchable EL devices. First, stretchable devices based on ultrathin EL devices are introduced. Ultrathin EL devices are mechanically flexible like thin paper, and they can become stretchable through various structural engineering methods, such as inducing a buckled structure, employing interconnects with stretchable geometries, and applying origami/kirigami techniques. Secondly, intrinsically stretchable EL devices can be fabricated by using inherently stretchable electronic materials. For example, light-emitting electrochemical cells and EL devices with a simpler structure using alternating current have been developed. Furthermore, novel stretchable semiconductor materials have been presented for the development of intrinsically stretchable light-emitting diodes. After discussing these two types of stretchable EL devices, we briefly discuss applications of deformable EL devices and conclude the review.
可拉伸显示器作为下一代人性化电子系统的输入和/或输出接口，近来受到了越来越多的关注。可拉伸电致发光（EL）器件是可拉伸显示器的核心组成部分，根据实现可拉伸性的机制，可将其分为两类，即结构可拉伸 EL 器件和本征可拉伸 EL 器件。本文介绍了可拉伸 EL 器件的材料和设计策略的最新进展。首先，介绍了基于超薄 EL 器件的可拉伸器件。超薄 EL 器件像薄纸一样具有机械柔韧性，并且可以通过各种结构工程方法（例如引入褶皱结构、采用具有可拉伸几何形状的互连以及应用折纸/剪纸技术）变得可拉伸。其次，可以使用本征可拉伸电子材料来制造本征可拉伸 EL 器件。例如，已经开发出使用交流电的具有更简单结构的发光电化学电池和 EL 器件。此外，还提出了新型可拉伸半导体材料，用于开发本征可拉伸发光二极管。在讨论了这两种类型的可拉伸 EL 器件之后，我们简要讨论了可变形 EL 器件的应用，并对综述进行了总结。
