Zhao Xiao-Liang, Li Xiang, Lu Hong-Bin, Lu Shao-Yong, Wang Tao, Zhang Sen-Lin, Guo Xiao-Chun, Zhang Jing, Mi Qi-Xin, Liu Xiao-He, Song Shu-Feng
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Jun 8;43(6):3048-3057. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202109123.
To understand the pollution characteristics, spatial distribution characteristics, potential ecological risks, and sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of Dongjiang Lake, 12 surface sediment samples were collected from Dongjiang Lake. The contents of 20 heavy metals including Li, Be, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Pb, and U were analyzed in this study. The geo-accumulation index method and potential risk index method were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential risks of heavy metals in sediments, and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to trace the source of the primary heavy metals. The results showed that the average contents of (Cd)(2.25 mg·kg) and (As)(80.80 mg·kg) in heavy metals of Dongjiang Lake sediments were 21.2 times and 5.5 times the background value (0.11 mg·kg and 14.7 mg·kg) of Hunan province. The overall spatial distribution of heavy metals was in the order of South>North>Central. The evaluation by the geo-accumulation index method showed that Cd was at the heavy pollution level, As and Se were at the moderate pollution level, Ag and Ga were at the light pollution level, and the other heavy metals were below the pollution standard. The evaluation by the potential risk index showed that all the surface sediments of Dongjiang Lake were at the high-risk level. The main environmental risk factor was Cd, which had an extremely high risk; the second was As, which had a medium risk; and the remaining heavy metals had no ecological risk.
为了解东江水库表层沉积物中重金属的污染特征、空间分布特征、潜在生态风险及来源，在东江水库采集了12个表层沉积物样品。本研究分析了锂（Li）、铍（Be）、钒（V）、铬（Cr）、锰（Mn）、钴（Co）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、镓（Ga）、砷（As）、硒（Se）、铷（Rb）、锶（Sr）、银（Ag）、镉（Cd）、铯（Cs）、钡（Ba）、铅（Pb）和铀（U）等20种重金属的含量。采用地累积指数法和潜在风险指数法评价沉积物中重金属的污染程度和潜在风险，并利用相关性分析和主成分分析对主要重金属的来源进行溯源。结果表明，东江水库沉积物重金属中镉（Cd）（2.25mg·kg）和砷（As）（80.80mg·kg）的平均含量分别是湖南省背景值（0.11mg·kg和14.7mg·kg）的21.2倍和5.5倍。重金属总体空间分布表现为南部＞北部＞中部。地累积指数法评价表明，镉处于重度污染水平，砷和硒处于中度污染水平，银和镓处于轻度污染水平，其他重金属低于污染标准。潜在风险指数评价表明，东江水库所有表层沉积物均处于高风险水平。主要环境风险因子为镉，风险极高；其次为砷，风险中等；其余重金属无生态风险。
