Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063 Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing City, China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Jun 10;22(1):760. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08126-8.
Digital health has become a heated topic today and smart homes have received much attention as an important area of digital health. Smart home is a device that enables automation and remote control in a home environment via the internet. However, most of the existing studies have focused on discussing the impact of smart home on people. Only few studies have focused on relationship between health skills and use of smart home.
To analyze the health skills of Chinese adults and segment them to compare and analyze the use of smart home for each group.
We used data from 11,031 participants aged 18 and above. The population was clustered based on five health skills factors: perceived social support, family health, health literacy, media use, and chronic diseases self-behavioral management. A total of 23 smart homes were categorized into three sub-categories based on their functions: entertainment smart home, functional smart home, and health smart home. We analyzed demographic characteristics and utilization rate of smart home across different cluster. Each groups' features and the differences in their needs for smart home functions were compared and analyzed.
As a result of the survey on health skills, three groups with different characteristics were clustered: good health skills, middle health skills, and poor health skills. The utilization rate of smart home was the highest was good health skills group (total smart home: 92.7%; entertainment smart home: 61.1%, functional smart home: 77.4%, and health smart home: 75.3%; P < 0.001). For entertainment smart home, smart TV had the highest utilization rate (good health skills: 45.7%; middle health skills: 43.5%, poor health skills: 33.4%, P < 0.001). For functional smart home, smart washing machine (good health skills: 37.7%, middle health skills: 35.11%, poor health skills: 26.5%; P < 0.001) and smart air conditioner (good health skills: 36.0%, middle health skills: 29.1%, poor health skills: 24.6%) were higher than other of this category. For health smart home, sports bracelet has the highest utilization rate (good health skills: 37.3%, middle health skills: 24.5%, poor health skills: 22.8%).
People can be divided into different categories based on health skill profiles, those with good health skills had a better utilization rate of smart home. The government and smart home companies need to focus on people with poor smart home use in various ways to promote their use of smart homes for personal health management.
如今，数字健康已成为热门话题，智能家居作为数字健康的重要领域备受关注。智能家居是一种通过互联网实现家庭环境自动化和远程控制的设备。然而，现有的大多数研究都集中在讨论智能家居对人们的影响上。只有少数研究关注健康技能与智能家居使用之间的关系。
分析中国成年人的健康技能，并对其进行细分，以比较和分析每个群体对智能家居的使用情况。
我们使用了来自 11031 名 18 岁及以上成年人的数据。根据五个健康技能因素对人群进行聚类：感知社会支持、家庭健康、健康素养、媒体使用和慢性病自我行为管理。总共将 23 种智能家居分为三大类：娱乐智能家居、功能智能家居和健康智能家居。我们分析了不同群体的人口统计学特征和智能家居的利用率。比较和分析了不同群体的特征以及对智能家居功能的不同需求。
通过对健康技能的调查，我们将人群聚类为三个具有不同特征的群体：健康技能良好、中等健康技能和健康技能较差。智能家居的利用率最高的是健康技能良好的群体（总智能家居：92.7%；娱乐智能家居：61.1%，功能智能家居：77.4%，健康智能家居：75.3%；P<0.001）。在娱乐智能家居方面，智能电视的利用率最高（健康技能良好群体：45.7%；中等健康技能群体：43.5%，健康技能较差群体：33.4%；P<0.001）。在功能智能家居方面，智能洗衣机（健康技能良好群体：37.7%，中等健康技能群体：35.11%，健康技能较差群体：26.5%；P<0.001）和智能空调（健康技能良好群体：36.0%，中等健康技能群体：29.1%，健康技能较差群体：24.6%）的利用率高于其他类别。在健康智能家居方面，运动手环的利用率最高（健康技能良好群体：37.3%，中等健康技能群体：24.5%，健康技能较差群体：22.8%）。
可以根据健康技能特征将人群分为不同类别，健康技能较好的人群对智能家居的利用率更高。政府和智能家居公司需要以各种方式关注智能家居使用率较低的人群，以促进他们将智能家居用于个人健康管理。
