Lin Xiaoying, Wu Xiaoling, Li Xiangyu, Zhang Duo, Zheng Quanzhi, Xu Jiayi, Lu Shaoyou
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 4):156597. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156597. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
Excessive intake of essential trace elements or exposure to potentially toxic elements above certain thresholds may cause adverse health effects in humans. To date, there is scarce evidence concerning Chinese infant exposure to trace elements and the associated risks. In this study, we collected 61 breast milk, 54 infant formula and 90 complementary food samples from southern China to investigate the levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb). The concentrations of these elements in the breast milk samples ranged from under the limit of detection (<LOD)-0.65, <LOD-65.5, 107-1040, 6.17-27.9, 820-10,160, <LOD-2.96, <LOD-0.52, <LOD-230, and <LOD-19.1 μg/L, respectively. In infant formula samples, the concentrations of these elements ranged from 2.77 to 7.56, 27.5-205, 188-4321, 69.7-322, 40,793-84,405, 2.47-12.2, 0.15-3.57, <LOD-505 and 2.19-26.5 μg/kg, respectively, while the concentrations detected in complementary food samples ranged from <LOD-23.7, <LOD-224, <LOD-3705, <LOD-219, 15,335-100,905, <LOD-159, <LOD-66.6, <LOD-502 and <LOD-25.6 μg/kg, respectively. The results showed that the levels of Cr, Cu and Se in 14.8-55.6 % of the infant formula and complementary food samples were lower than the reference values set by Codex Alimentarius or Chinese National Standards, while the levels of Zn in commercial food samples exceeded the corresponding reference values in 9.3-27.8 % of cases; these results suggest a potential risk via the consumption of commercial infant foods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has comprehensively assessed whether exposure to trace elements via food intake poses potential health risks to Chinese infants.
过量摄入必需微量元素或接触超过特定阈值的潜在有毒元素可能会对人类健康产生不良影响。迄今为止，关于中国婴儿接触微量元素及其相关风险的证据很少。在本研究中，我们从中国南方收集了61份母乳、54份婴儿配方奶粉和90份辅食样本，以调查钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、硒（Se）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）和铅（Pb）的含量。母乳样本中这些元素的浓度分别在检测限以下（<LOD）-0.65、<LOD-65.5、107-1040、6.17-27.9、820-10160、<LOD-2.96、<LOD-0.52、<LOD-230和<LOD-19.1μg/L之间。在婴儿配方奶粉样本中，这些元素的浓度分别在2.77至7.56、27.5-205、188-4321、69.7-322、40793-84405、2.47-12.2、0.15-3.57、<LOD-505和2.19-26.5μg/kg之间，而在辅食样本中检测到的浓度分别在<LOD-23.7、<LOD-224、<LOD-3705、<LOD-219、15335-100905、<LOD-159、<LOD-66.6、<LOD-502和<LOD-25.6μg/kg之间。结果表明，14.8%-55.6%的婴儿配方奶粉和辅食样本中Cr、Cu和Se的含量低于食品法典委员会或中国国家标准设定的参考值，而在9.3%-27.8%的商业食品样本中，Zn的含量超过了相应的参考值；这些结果表明通过食用商业婴儿食品存在潜在风险。据我们所知，这是第一项全面评估通过食物摄入微量元素是否会对中国婴儿构成潜在健康风险的研究。
