German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
Food Microbiol. 2022 Sep;106:104036. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104036. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted from human to human via droplets and aerosols. While transmission via contaminated surfaces is also considered possible, the overall risk of this transmission route is assumed to be low. Nevertheless, transmission through contaminated drinking glasses may pose an increased risk as the glass is in direct contact with the mouth and oral cavity. Using human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) as surrogate for SARS-CoV-2, this study examined coronavirus stability on glass, inactivation by dishwashing detergents, and virus elimination by a manual glass scrubbing device. Infectious HCoV-229E was recovered from glass for 7 and 21 days of storage under daylight and dark conditions, respectively. Near complete inactivation of HCoV-229E (>4 log reduction) was observed after incubation with two common dishwashing detergents at room temperature for 15 s, whereas incubation at 43 °C for 60 s was necessary for a third detergent to achieve a similar titer reduction. The virus was efficiently removed from contaminated drinking glasses using a manual glass scrubbing device in accordance with German standard DIN 6653-3. The results confirm that coronaviruses are relatively stable on glass, but indicate that common manual dishwashing procedures can efficiently eliminate coronaviruses from drinking glasses.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）主要通过飞沫和气溶胶在人与人之间传播。虽然也认为污染表面可能存在传播途径，但这种传播途径的总体风险较低。然而，通过污染的酒杯传播可能会增加风险，因为酒杯直接接触口腔和口腔。本研究用人冠状病毒 229E（HCoV-229E）作为 SARS-CoV-2 的替代品，研究了冠状病毒在玻璃上的稳定性、洗碗剂的灭活作用以及手动玻璃擦洗装置对病毒的清除作用。在日光和黑暗条件下分别储存 7 天和 21 天后，可从玻璃中回收具有感染性的 HCoV-229E。用两种常见的洗碗剂在室温下孵育 15 秒可使 HCoV-229E 近乎完全失活（>4 对数减少），而第三种洗涤剂在 43°C 孵育 60 秒才能达到类似的滴度减少。使用符合德国标准 DIN 6653-3 的手动玻璃擦洗装置可有效清除污染的酒杯中的病毒。结果证实冠状病毒在玻璃上相对稳定，但表明常见的手动洗碗程序可有效清除酒杯中的冠状病毒。
