Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China.
BMC Emerg Med. 2022 Jun 11;22(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12873-022-00654-0.
With more emergency visits, there is increasing pressure to provide emergency medical services globally and locally. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the disease spectrum of patients presenting in the last three years to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Tianjin, China, to improve the services of the emergency medicine department.
A retrospective study was conducted on all patients in the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from Jan 1, 2017, 00:00:00 to Dec 31, 2020, 23:59:59, including variables like medical record number, gender, age, date of admission, principal diagnosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software; statistical charts were prepared by GraphPad Prism9.0 and SPSS 20.0; statistical tables were made by Microsoft Excel.
A total of 1,314,916 patients presented to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from Jan 1, 2017, 00:00:00 to Dec 31, 2020, 23:59:59. In terms of gender distribution, the male-female ratio was 0.78∶1. As for age distribution, patients aged 60-69 were the most (23.47%), and patients younger than 20 years were the least (2.80%). Concerning monthly data, the number of visits peaked during January and December. The distribution of daily visits showed the feature of three highs and a low. The top three prevalence diseases in the emergency disease spectrum were respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive diseases. The respiratory system was the most common in patients with infectious diseases (200,912, accounting for 86.97%). Among the patients suffering from infectious diseases, the number of patients with respiratory infections peaked in 2019 (73,530) and was the lowest in 2020 (20,078).
From 2017 to 2019, the demand for emergency services in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital continued to increase, but it was greatly affected by COVID-19 in 2020. This emergency department is mainly for patients with respiratory system, circulatory system and digestive system diseases, and its treatment time is relatively centralized. The prevention of diseases for people of all ages, especially female patients and the elderly, should be strengthened, and emergency medical resources should be allocated reasonably according to the peak months and crowed periods of patients.
随着急诊就诊量的增加，全球和各地都面临着提供急诊医疗服务的压力。本研究旨在调查过去三年来就诊于中国天津市天津医科大学总医院急诊科的患者的流行病学特征和疾病谱，以改善急诊科的服务。
对 2017 年 1 月 1 日 00:00:00 至 2020 年 12 月 31 日 23:59:59 期间在天津医科大学总医院急诊科就诊的所有患者的病历号、性别、年龄、入院日期、主要诊断等变量进行回顾性研究。数据分析采用 SPSS 统计软件；GraphPad Prism9.0 和 SPSS 20.0 制作统计图表；Microsoft Excel 制作统计表格。
2017 年 1 月 1 日 00:00:00 至 2020 年 12 月 31 日 23:59:59 期间，共有 1314916 名患者就诊于天津医科大学总医院急诊科。从性别分布来看，男女比例为 0.78∶1。从年龄分布来看，60-69 岁患者最多（23.47%），20 岁以下患者最少（2.80%）。就每月数据而言，就诊人数在 1 月和 12 月达到高峰。日就诊量分布呈现“三峰一低”的特征。急诊疾病谱中排名前三的疾病是呼吸系统、心血管系统和消化系统疾病。在传染病患者中，呼吸系统传染病患者最多（200912 例，占 86.97%）。在患有传染病的患者中，呼吸道感染患者在 2019 年达到高峰（73530 例），而在 2020 年达到最低（20078 例）。
2017 年至 2019 年，天津医科大学总医院急诊服务需求持续增加，但 2020 年受 COVID-19 影响较大。该急诊科主要针对呼吸系统、循环系统和消化系统疾病患者，其治疗时间相对集中。应加强各年龄段人群，特别是女性患者和老年人的疾病预防，并根据患者就诊的高峰月份和高峰期合理分配急诊医疗资源。
