Duan Haizhen, Gan Lu, Cao Yu
Department of Emergency, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China. Duan Haizhen is working on the Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China. Corresponding author: Cao Yu, Email:
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2022 Apr;34(4):429-433. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20210818-01209.
Exosomes are small vesicles with a diameter of about 40-160 nm actively secreted by cells. They participate in a variety of pathophysiological processes and are closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases. As a newly carrier of intercellular communication and circulating biomarkers of disease diagnosis and prognosis, exosomes have attracted great attention for their potential clinical applications. However, many aspects such as exosome biogenesis, targeted transport, and mechanism of action are still unclear. This paper focuses on the exosome biogenesis, summarizes the exosome biogenesis pathways, and describes relevant molecular modulation mechanisms of importance. And this review provides a theoretical basis for disease treatment based on regulating exosome production.
外泌体是细胞主动分泌的直径约为40 - 160纳米的小囊泡。它们参与多种病理生理过程，与疾病的发生和发展密切相关。作为细胞间通讯的新型载体以及疾病诊断和预后的循环生物标志物，外泌体因其潜在的临床应用而备受关注。然而，外泌体的生物发生、靶向运输和作用机制等许多方面仍不清楚。本文重点关注外泌体的生物发生，总结外泌体的生物发生途径，并描述重要的相关分子调节机制。本综述为基于调节外泌体产生的疾病治疗提供了理论依据。
