Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Front Immunol. 2022 May 25;13:858875. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858875. eCollection 2022.
Altered immune functions as well as fatty acid intake and status have been associated with the development of type 1 diabetes. We aimed to study the relationship between fatty acids and immunological markers in young children with increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes in order to define putative mechanisms related to development of islet autoimmunity.
Serum samples for fatty acid and immunological marker measurements were obtained in the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR) ancillary study (Divia) from children born between 2002 and 2007 in 15 countries. Case children ( = 95) were defined as having repeated positivity for at least two out of four diabetes-associated autoantibodies. For each case child, control children were selected matched for country and date of birth ( = 173). Serum fatty acids and immunological markers were measured from cord serum and at the age of 6 and 12 months. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between fatty acids and immunological markers.
Correlations between circulating fatty acids and immunological markers were different in case children who developed islet autoimmunity than in control children already at birth continuing across the first year of life. In case children, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) showed stronger correlations with immunological markers, while in controls, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) showed stronger correlations.
In cases, SFAs were associated with several immunological markers (CXCL10, IL-6, IL-9, IL-17, and CM-CSF) previously linked to the type 1 diabetes disease process. Findings indicate that fatty acids could have immunomodulatory potential in the early phase of the disease development, although causality between fatty acids and the immunological pathways remains to be explored.
NCT00179777.
改变的免疫功能以及脂肪酸的摄入和状态与 1 型糖尿病的发展有关。我们旨在研究具有 1 型糖尿病遗传风险的幼儿中脂肪酸与免疫标志物之间的关系，以确定与胰岛自身免疫发展相关的潜在机制。
在 15 个国家出生于 2002 年至 2007 年之间的儿童中，从 Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR) 辅助研究（Divia）中获得了用于脂肪酸和免疫标志物测量的血清样本。病例儿童（n = 95）被定义为至少有两种以上四种与糖尿病相关的自身抗体重复阳性。对于每个病例儿童，都选择了与国家和出生日期相匹配的对照儿童（n = 173）。从脐带血清和 6 个月及 12 个月时测量血清脂肪酸和免疫标志物。计算了脂肪酸与免疫标志物之间的 Spearman 相关系数。
在已经发生胰岛自身免疫的病例儿童中，循环脂肪酸与免疫标志物之间的相关性在出生时就已经不同，并且在生命的第一年中持续存在。在病例儿童中，饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）与几种免疫标志物（CXCL10、IL-6、IL-9、IL-17 和 CM-CSF）显示出更强的相关性，而在对照组中，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）显示出更强的相关性。
在病例中，SFA 与几种免疫标志物相关，这些标志物以前与 1 型糖尿病的发病过程有关。这些发现表明，脂肪酸在疾病发展的早期阶段可能具有免疫调节作用，尽管脂肪酸与免疫途径之间的因果关系仍有待探讨。
NCT00179777。
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