Stones M J, Kozma A
Exp Aging Res. 1986 Winter;12(4):207-15. doi: 10.1080/03610738608258570.
Versions of five paradigmatic models of age change in maximal physical performance were compared with respect to internal and validational data. The models were termed power output, power supply, energy output-supply, motivation, and sampling. The power output models tended to be more stringent in terms of internal criteria. The model that best predicted the validational data (i.e., from studies of reaction time, strength assessment, and athletic records) was from the energy output-supply category. This model, the power output relative to power available (POrPA) model, postulates that deterioration with age in physical performance varies with the ratio of peak power output to available power: the numerator generally varies with the strength demands of the task, and the denominator varies with task duration at high power output. The implications of this model were discussed with respect to habitual physical performances in later life.
就内部数据和验证数据而言，对最大身体机能随年龄变化的五种典型模型版本进行了比较。这些模型分别称为功率输出、功率供应、能量输出 - 供应、动机和抽样模型。在内部标准方面，功率输出模型往往更为严格。最能预测验证数据（即来自反应时间、力量评估和运动记录研究的数据）的模型属于能量输出 - 供应类别。这个模型，即相对于可用功率的功率输出（POrPA）模型，假定身体机能随年龄的衰退随峰值功率输出与可用功率之比而变化：分子通常随任务的力量需求而变化，分母随高功率输出时的任务持续时间而变化。讨论了该模型对晚年习惯性身体表现的影响。
