Li Shan-Shan, Wang Ai-Jun, Yuan Pei-Xin, Mei Li-Ping, Zhang Lu, Feng Jiu-Ju
Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China.
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
Chem Sci. 2022 Apr 12;13(19):5505-5530. doi: 10.1039/d2sc00460g. eCollection 2022 May 18.
Heterometallic nanomaterials (HMNMs) display superior physicochemical properties and stability to monometallic counterparts, accompanied by wider applications in the fields of catalysis, sensing, imaging, and therapy due to synergistic effects between multi-metals in HMNMs. So far, most reviews have mainly concentrated on introduction of their preparation approaches, morphology control and applications in catalysis, assay of heavy metal ions, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it is very important to summarize the latest investigations of activity modulation of HMNMs and their recent applications in sensing, imaging and therapy. Taking the above into consideration, we briefly underline appealing chemical/physical properties of HMNMs chiefly tailored through the sizes, shapes, compositions, structures and surface modification. Then, we particularly emphasize their widespread applications in sensing of targets ( metal ions, small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, and cancer cells), imaging (frequently involving photoluminescence, fluorescence, Raman, electrochemiluminescence, magnetic resonance, X-ray computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, ), and therapy ( radiotherapy, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemodynamic therapy). Finally, we present an outlook on their forthcoming directions. This timely review would be of great significance for attracting researchers from different disciplines in developing novel HMNMs.
异金属纳米材料（HMNMs）相较于单金属纳米材料具有更优异的物理化学性质和稳定性，由于其多金属之间的协同效应，在催化、传感、成像和治疗等领域有着更广泛的应用。到目前为止，大多数综述主要集中在介绍其制备方法、形貌控制以及在催化、重金属离子检测和抗菌活性方面的应用。因此，总结HMNMs活性调控的最新研究及其在传感、成像和治疗方面的最新应用非常重要。考虑到上述情况，我们简要强调了主要通过尺寸、形状、组成、结构和表面修饰来定制的HMNMs吸引人的化学/物理性质。然后，我们特别强调了它们在目标物（金属离子、小分子、蛋白质、核酸和癌细胞）传感、成像（经常涉及光致发光、荧光、拉曼、电化学发光、磁共振、X射线计算机断层扫描、光声成像）和治疗（放射治疗、化疗、光热治疗、光动力治疗和化学动力治疗）方面的广泛应用。最后，我们对其未来发展方向进行了展望。这篇及时的综述对于吸引不同学科的研究人员开发新型HMNMs具有重要意义。
