Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Planta. 2022 Jun 13;256(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-03926-y.
The present review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of 6mA in DNA as an emergent epigenetic mark with distinctive characteristics, discusses its importance in plant genomes, and highlights its chemical nature and functions. Adenine methylation is an epigenetic modification present in DNA (6mA) and RNA (m6A) that has a regulatory function in many cellular processes. This modification occurs through a reversible reaction that covalently binds a methyl group, usually at the N position of the purine ring. This modification carries biophysical properties that affect the stability of nucleic acids as well as their binding affinity with other molecules. DNA 6mA has been related to genome stability, gene expression, DNA replication, and repair mechanisms. Recent advances have shown that 6mA in plant genomes is related to development and stress response. In this review, we present recent advances in the understanding of 6mA in DNA as an emergent epigenetic mark with distinctive characteristics. We discuss the key elements of this modification, focusing mainly on its importance in plant genomes. Furthermore, we highlight its chemical nature and the regulatory effects that it exerts on gene expression and plant development. Finally, we emphasize the functions of 6mA in photosynthesis, stress, and flowering.
本文综述了近年来人们对 DNA 中 6mA 作为一种新兴的具有独特特征的表观遗传标记的理解进展，讨论了它在植物基因组中的重要性，并强调了其化学性质及其对基因表达和植物发育的调控作用。腺嘌呤甲基化是 DNA（6mA）和 RNA（m6A）中的一种表观遗传修饰，在许多细胞过程中具有调节功能。这种修饰通过共价键合一个甲基基团的可逆反应发生，通常在嘌呤环的 N 位置上。这种修饰具有影响核酸稳定性以及与其他分子结合亲和力的生物物理特性。DNA 6mA 与基因组稳定性、基因表达、DNA 复制和修复机制有关。最近的进展表明，植物基因组中的 6mA 与发育和应激反应有关。在本文中，我们介绍了近年来人们对 DNA 中 6mA 作为一种新兴的具有独特特征的表观遗传标记的理解进展。我们讨论了这种修饰的关键要素，主要集中在它在植物基因组中的重要性上。此外，我们强调了其化学性质及其对基因表达和植物发育的调控作用。最后，我们强调了 6mA 在光合作用、应激和开花中的功能。
