Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA; email:
Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California; email:
Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif). 2022 Jun 13;15(1):107-121. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-123959.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death, and early detection of this disease is crucial for increasing survival rates. Although cancer can be diagnosed following tissue biopsy, the biopsy procedure is invasive; liquid biopsy provides an alternative that is more comfortable for the patient. While blood, urine, and cerebral spinal fluid can all be used as a source of liquid biopsy, saliva is an ideal source of body fluid that is readily available and easily collected in the most noninvasive manner. Characterization of salivary constituents in the disease setting provides critical data for understanding pathophysiology and the evaluation of diagnostic potential. The aim of saliva diagnostics is therefore to develop a rapid and noninvasive detection of oral and systemic diseases that could be used together with compact analysis systems in the clinic to facilitate point-of-care diagnostics.
癌症仍然是主要死因之一，因此早期发现这种疾病对于提高存活率至关重要。虽然癌症可以通过组织活检来诊断，但活检过程具有侵入性；液体活检提供了一种更舒适的替代方法。虽然血液、尿液和脑脊液都可以作为液体活检的来源，但唾液是一种理想的体液来源，它很容易获得，并且可以以最无创的方式采集。在疾病环境中对唾液成分进行特征分析，为了解病理生理学和评估诊断潜力提供了关键数据。因此，唾液诊断的目的是开发一种快速、非侵入性的口腔和系统性疾病检测方法，该方法可以与临床中的紧凑型分析系统一起使用，以促进即时诊断。
