School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Poult Sci. 2022 Jul;101(7):101906. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101906. Epub 2022 Apr 5.
There is a huge demand to identify the sex of unhatched fertilized eggs for laying industry and to understand the differences between male and female eggs as early as possible. Then the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and sex allocation in chicken were revealed. Therefore, TMT proteomic was applied to characterize the variation of molecular matrix between unhatched male and female egg yolks. A total of 411 proteins were identified and 35 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 375332005, 015809562, 763550308 (upregulated, UPs) and 1337178851, 89000557, 89000581 (downregulated, DPs), etc. were confirmed between them. Gene ontology analyses showed that DEPs were mainly involved in response to stimulus, distributed in the extracellular region and participated in binding; KEGG analyses showed that few DPs were participated in cell growth and death, transport and catabolism, signaling molecules, interaction and were enriched in ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, endocytosis, ferroptosis, etc. metabolic pathways. Moreover, most of the DEPs and related metabolic pathways were associated with sex hormones. More importantly, this study supports maternal sex-allocation theory and extends our understanding of the molecular mechanism of sex determination and differentiation in avian. Which also provides a powerful evidence for ovo sexing of unhatched fertilized domestic chicken eggs by nondestructive approach and will be of great significance to eggs processing and production.
人们对于鉴别未孵化受精卵的性别有着巨大的需求，以便能够尽早了解雌雄卵子之间的差异。这一需求促使我们对鸡的性别决定和分配机制进行了深入的研究。为此，我们应用 TMT 蛋白质组学技术来描绘未孵化雄性和雌性蛋黄之间分子基质的变化。总共鉴定到了 411 种蛋白质，其中有 35 种差异表达蛋白（DEPs），包括 375332005、015809562、763550308（上调，UPS）和 1337178851、89000557、89000581（下调，DPs）等。GO 分析表明，DEPs 主要参与了对刺激的反应，分布在细胞外区，并参与了结合；KEGG 分析表明，一些 DPs 参与了细胞生长和死亡、运输和分解代谢、信号分子的相互作用，并在泛素介导的蛋白水解、内吞作用、铁死亡等代谢途径中富集。此外，大多数 DEPs 及其相关代谢途径都与性激素有关。更重要的是，本研究支持母性性别分配理论，并扩展了我们对禽类性别决定和分化的分子机制的理解。这也为通过非破坏性方法对未孵化的受精鸡蛋进行性别鉴定提供了有力的证据，对鸡蛋加工和生产具有重要意义。
