Department of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; Civil Engineering Department, University for Business and Technology, Pristina, Kosovo.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 4):156643. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156643. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
In recent years, agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) has become the biggest threat to Aras River water quality by completing the Mughan irrigation and drainage network. Nutrient pollutants, including nitrate and phosphate, released into the river through drains have created a range of obstacles for locals living around the river. Agricultural activities are generally considered the largest source of non-point pollution. They have no complex and uniform impact along the river. Thus, the spatial distribution of ANPS and highly polluted areas should be identified to manage watershed management. This study proposes a simple framework for identifying pollutant-sensitive areas along the river and management strategies to improve water quality. To this aim, the main factors affecting ANPSP were identified, and the effectiveness of the scenarios selected to comply with water quality regulations for drinking and environment during 1993-2007 were simulated. Based on the sensitivity analysis, land use and fertilizer are the main factors affecting river ANPSP. Thus, their changes were modeled in different scenarios. Based on the results, the ANPSP load was higher downstream. The agricultural lands in region 3 were considered the main source of pollution. Comparing the management scenarios showed that the amount of nitrate and phosphate leaching into the river decreased to 18.1 and 8.35 %, respectively, by reducing the consumption of urea and phosphate fertilizers by 50 %. The results help watershed managers implement eco-friendly land use and nutrient management programs at specific locations during specific periods to control ANPSP along the rivers.
近年来，由于完成了穆甘灌溉排水网络，农业非点源污染（ANPSP）成为阿拉斯河水质的最大威胁。通过排水系统释放到河流中的营养污染物，包括硝酸盐和磷酸盐，给生活在河流周围的当地人带来了一系列障碍。农业活动通常被认为是最大的非点污染源。它们对河流没有复杂和统一的影响。因此，应确定 ANPS 的空间分布和高度污染区域，以管理流域管理。本研究提出了一种简单的框架，用于识别河流沿线的污染物敏感区域和管理策略，以改善水质。为此，确定了影响 ANPSP 的主要因素，并模拟了 1993-2007 年期间为遵守饮用水和环境水质法规而选择的方案的有效性。基于敏感性分析，土地利用和肥料是影响河流 ANPSP 的主要因素。因此，在不同的方案中对其变化进行了建模。基于结果，ANPSP 负荷在下游较高。区域 3 的农业用地被认为是污染的主要来源。比较管理方案表明，通过将尿素和磷肥的消耗量减少 50%，进入河流的硝酸盐和磷酸盐淋溶量分别减少了 18.1%和 8.35%。研究结果有助于流域管理者在特定时期和特定地点实施环保型土地利用和养分管理计划，以控制河流沿线的农业非点源污染。
