Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, Grupo Hospitalario Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España.
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, Grupo Hospitalario Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2022 May;113(5):459-466. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.01.002. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Psoriasis is a multisystem disease associated with an increased prevalence of oral lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with psoriasis and examine associations with clinical and patient characteristics.
We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with psoriasis and healthy controls seen between December 2019 and February 2020. We recorded biometric data, comorbidities associated with psoriasis, oral examination findings, and clinical characteristics of psoriasis.
We studied 100 patients with psoriasis and 100 controls. Oral lesions were more common in the psoriasis group (74% vs 46%, P<.001). The most common lesions were fissured tongue (39% vs 16%, P<.001) and periodontitis (28% vs 16%, P=.04). Geographic tongue was uncommon in both the study and the control group (4% vs 2%, P=.68). In the psoriasis group, patients with fissured tongue had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (23.1% vs 4.9%), diabetes mellitus (28.2% vs 8.2%), and psoriatic arthritis (15.4% vs 1.6%) than those without this condition. Periodontitis was also associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (28.6% vs 5.6%). Type of psoriasis, location, and time since onset were not significantly associated with oral lesions. Patients with oral lesions, however, had more severe disease (Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI], 3.9 vs 2.4; P=.05). Mean PASI was also higher in patients with fissured tongue (4.7 vs. 2.7, P=.03) and periodontitis (5.1 vs. 2.9, P=.04).
The prevalence of oral lesions, especially fissured tongue and periodontitis, is higher in patients with psoriasis than in healthy controls. Oral lesions were associated with more severe psoriasis and a higher prevalence of associated comorbidities. We recommend examining the oral cavity of patients with psoriasis, especially those with more severe disease and comorbidities, irrespective of type of psoriasis, location, or time since onset.
银屑病是一种多系统疾病，与口腔病变的发生率增加有关。本研究旨在确定银屑病患者口腔病变的患病率，并探讨其与临床和患者特征的关系。
我们对 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 2 月间就诊的银屑病患者和健康对照者进行了横断面研究。我们记录了患者的生物计量学数据、与银屑病相关的合并症、口腔检查结果以及银屑病的临床特征。
我们共研究了 100 例银屑病患者和 100 例对照者。银屑病组的口腔病变更为常见（74% vs 46%，P<.001）。最常见的病变是裂纹舌（39% vs 16%，P<.001）和牙周炎（28% vs 16%，P=.04）。地理舌在研究组和对照组中均不常见（4% vs 2%，P=.68）。在银屑病组中，有裂纹舌的患者心血管疾病（23.1% vs 4.9%）、糖尿病（28.2% vs 8.2%）和银屑病关节炎（15.4% vs 1.6%）的患病率高于无此情况的患者。牙周炎也与心血管疾病的患病率较高有关（28.6% vs 5.6%）。银屑病的类型、部位和发病时间与口腔病变无显著相关性。然而，有口腔病变的患者疾病更严重（银屑病面积严重程度指数[PASI]，3.9 vs 2.4；P=.05）。有裂纹舌和牙周炎的患者的平均 PASI 也更高（分别为 4.7 与 2.7，P=.03；5.1 与 2.9，P=.04）。
银屑病患者口腔病变的患病率较高，尤其是裂纹舌和牙周炎。口腔病变与更严重的银屑病和更高的合并症患病率有关。我们建议检查银屑病患者的口腔，特别是那些疾病更严重和合并症更多的患者，无论银屑病的类型、部位或发病时间如何。
