Di Spirito Federica, Di Palo Maria Pia, Rupe Antonio, Piedepalumbo Federica, Sessa Alessandra, De Benedetto Giuseppina, Russo Barone Serena, Contaldo Maria
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, NA, Italy.
Epidemiologia (Basel). 2024 Jul 26;5(3):479-498. doi: 10.3390/epidemiologia5030033.
Psoriasis, a systemic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the skin, manifests through erythematous plaques and scales, impacting approximately 2-3% of the global population. Chronic periodontitis, a prevalent oral disease characterized by the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, affects roughly 10-15% of adults worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between psoriasis and chronic periodontitis, supported by epidemiological studies indicating a higher prevalence of periodontitis among individuals with psoriasis and vice versa. Both conditions are chronic inflammatory diseases marked by dysregulated immune responses and altered cytokine profiles, notably involving proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-17. Clinical studies highlight a reciprocal impact of treating one condition on the other, underscoring the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration between dermatologists and periodontists in managing patients with both conditions. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between psoriasis and chronic periodontitis, examining epidemiological associations, shared inflammatory pathways, genetic insights, microbial dysbiosis, environmental factors, and clinical implications. The review emphasizes the importance of integrated care approaches and the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions to improve both psoriatic and periodontal patient outcomes, advocating for further research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning the comorbidity of these diseases.
银屑病是一种主要影响皮肤的全身性自身免疫性疾病，表现为红斑和鳞屑，全球约2-3%的人口受其影响。慢性牙周炎是一种以牙齿支持组织破坏为特征的常见口腔疾病，全球约10-15%的成年人受其影响。新出现的证据表明银屑病和慢性牙周炎之间存在双向关系，流行病学研究支持这一点，这些研究表明银屑病患者中牙周炎的患病率较高，反之亦然。这两种疾病都是慢性炎症性疾病，其特征是免疫反应失调和细胞因子谱改变，特别是涉及促炎细胞因子如TNF-α和IL-17。临床研究强调治疗一种疾病对另一种疾病的相互影响，突出了皮肤科医生和牙周病医生在管理患有这两种疾病的患者时跨学科合作的必要性。这篇叙述性综述全面概述了银屑病和慢性牙周炎之间的关系，研究了流行病学关联、共同的炎症途径、遗传学见解、微生物群落失调、环境因素和临床意义。该综述强调了综合护理方法的重要性以及针对性治疗干预改善银屑病和牙周病患者结局的潜力，主张进一步研究这些疾病合并症的分子和细胞机制。
