Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Jan 15;133:32-41. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.027. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-delimited vesicular bodies carrying different molecules, classified according to their size, density, cargo, and origin. Research on this topic has been actively growing through the years, as EVs are associated with critical pathological processes such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Despite that, studies exploring the physiological functions of EVs are sparse, with particular emphasis on their role in organismal development, initial cell differentiation, and morphogenesis. In this review, we explore the topic of EVs from a developmental perspective, discussing their role in the earliest cell-fate decisions and neural tissue morphogenesis. We focus on the function of EVs through development to highlight possible conserved or novel processes that can impact disease progression. Specifically, we take advantage of what was learned about their role in development so far to discuss EVs impact on glioblastoma, a particular brain tumor of stem-cell origin and poor prognosis, and how their function can be hijacked to improve current therapies.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一种具有不同分子的膜限定囊泡体，根据其大小、密度、货物和来源进行分类。多年来，该主题的研究一直在积极发展，因为 EVs 与神经退行性疾病和癌症等关键病理过程有关。尽管如此，探索 EVs 生理功能的研究仍然很少，特别强调它们在机体发育、初始细胞分化和形态发生中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们从发育的角度探讨 EVs 的主题，讨论它们在最早的细胞命运决定和神经组织形态发生中的作用。我们专注于 EVs 在发育过程中的功能，以突出可能影响疾病进展的保守或新过程。具体来说，我们利用迄今为止关于它们在发育中作用的知识来讨论 EVs 对胶质母细胞瘤的影响，胶质母细胞瘤是一种源于干细胞的特定脑肿瘤，预后不良，以及它们的功能如何被劫持以改善当前的治疗方法。
