Kasali Félicien Mushagalusa, Kadima Justin Ntokamunda, Tusiimire Jonans, Agaba Amon Ganafa
Pharm-Bio Technology and Traditional Medicine Center, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
J Exp Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 7;14:185-193. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S356533. eCollection 2022.
L. (Solanaceae) is a plant widely used in traditional medicine systems to manage various diseases, including diabetes mellitus, which remains a global health problem in developing and developed countries. This study aimed to scientifically evaluate its antidiabetic bioactivity and short-term toxicity in rats.
We prepared various doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts for the antidiabetic study, and a dose of 2000 mg/Kg was prepared for the acute toxicity test. The first group that evaluated the hypoglycemic effect consisted of forty normoglycemic Wistar rats aged 7-8 months old with a weighted average of 265.8 ± 24.6 g. The second group consisted of intraperitoneal glucose-loaded male animals to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect. The third group contained two groups of normoglycemic female rats (n = 3), aged 3 and 4 months old (weight average: 187.45 ± 14.82 g), treated for 14 days with aqueous and methanolic extracts (2 g/kg b.w) to assess mortality and toxic effects. Blood samples were taken at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min post-treatment in hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic evaluations. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug. The control animals in each group did not receive the extracts.
In hypoglycemic rats, 100 mg/kg of aqueous and methanolic extracts significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose level by 13.92% ( < 0.0001) and 21.95% (p < 0.01), respectively, compared to the control group. In glucose tolerance test group, methanolic extracts significantly reduced hyperglycemia by 54.55% ( < 0.0001), 46.50% ( < 0.0001), 39.78% ( < 0.0001) at 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg b.w, respectively, compared to control; aqueous extract 400 mg/kg reduced hyperglycemia by 39.44% ( < 0.05). At the 2000 mg/kg dose, leaf aqueous and methanolic extracts did not show any signs of intoxication and mortality.
Crude aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of appeared safe at 2000 mg/kg and have bioactivity in controlling the blood glucose levels, supporting their use in treating diabetes.
茄科枸杞属植物是一种在传统医学体系中广泛用于治疗多种疾病的植物，其中包括糖尿病，而糖尿病在发展中国家和发达国家仍然是一个全球性的健康问题。本研究旨在科学评估其对大鼠的抗糖尿病生物活性和短期毒性。
我们制备了不同剂量（100、200、400毫克/千克）的水提物和甲醇叶提取物用于抗糖尿病研究，并制备了2000毫克/千克的剂量用于急性毒性试验。评估降血糖作用的第一组由40只7 - 8月龄、体重平均为265.8±24.6克的正常血糖Wistar大鼠组成。第二组由腹腔注射葡萄糖的雄性动物组成，以评估其抗高血糖作用。第三组包含两组正常血糖的雌性大鼠（n = 3），年龄分别为3个月和4个月（平均体重：187.45±14.82克），用水提物和甲醇提取物（2克/千克体重）处理14天，以评估死亡率和毒性作用。在降血糖和抗高血糖评估中，于治疗后30、60、90和120分钟采集血样。格列本脲（5毫克/千克）用作参比药物。每组的对照动物不接受提取物。
在降血糖大鼠中，与对照组相比，100毫克/千克的水提物和甲醇提取物分别使空腹血糖水平显著降低了13.92%（p < 0.0001）和21.95%（p < 0.01）。在葡萄糖耐量试验组中，与对照组相比，甲醇提取物在400、200和100毫克/千克体重时分别使高血糖显著降低了54.55%（p < 0.0001）、46.50%（p < 0.0001）、39.78%（p < 0.0001）；400毫克/千克的水提物使高血糖降低了39.44%（p < 0.05）。在2000毫克/千克剂量时，叶水提物和甲醇提取物未显示任何中毒和死亡迹象。
枸杞属植物叶的粗水提物和甲醇提取物在2000毫克/千克时似乎是安全的，并且具有控制血糖水平的生物活性，可以支持其用于治疗糖尿病。
