Methanolic Extract of Leaf Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Albino Mice.

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading public health problems globally, and its prevalence is increasing in Ethiopia. The current drugs for people with diabetes are costly, less effective, and less safe with a challenging administration method. Thus, globally, the need for alternative herbal antidiabetic medicines is increasing. In the previous studies, antioxidant activities have been seen in crude extracts of leaves, which is an auspicious sign of antidiabetic property. Accordingly, this study has evaluated the antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of methanolic extract of leaves.

METHODS

Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of the three doses (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg) of crude methanolic extract of leaf were studied on normoglycemic, oral glucose-loaded, and alloxan-induced diabetic mice models. The effect of the extract on diabetic dyslipidemia, insulin and glycated hemoglobin levels, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and body weight was also studied in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug in all cases. Data analysis was carried out using mixed-design ANOVA. A value of ≤0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference.

RESULTS

The methanolic extract of leaf did not show acute toxicity up to the dose of 5000 mg/kg and showed better glucose utilization in the oral glucose tolerance test. After 14 days of treatment, leaf extract decreased the blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphatase, and fructose-1-6-bisphosphatase in diabetic mice. In contrast, it increased hexokinase and insulin levels in diabetic mice. Moreover, weight loss and dyslipidemia profiles have been corrected significantly in diabetic mice.

CONCLUSION

leaves showed antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. That suggests may be a potential treatment option for diabetes in the future. However, further molecular studies are required to analyze the mechanisms.