Amare Yosef Eshetie
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 29;2021:3987656. doi: 10.1155/2021/3987656. eCollection 2021.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading public health problems globally, and its prevalence is increasing in Ethiopia. The current drugs for people with diabetes are costly, less effective, and less safe with a challenging administration method. Thus, globally, the need for alternative herbal antidiabetic medicines is increasing. In the previous studies, antioxidant activities have been seen in crude extracts of leaves, which is an auspicious sign of antidiabetic property. Accordingly, this study has evaluated the antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of methanolic extract of leaves.
Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of the three doses (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg) of crude methanolic extract of leaf were studied on normoglycemic, oral glucose-loaded, and alloxan-induced diabetic mice models. The effect of the extract on diabetic dyslipidemia, insulin and glycated hemoglobin levels, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and body weight was also studied in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug in all cases. Data analysis was carried out using mixed-design ANOVA. A value of ≤0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference.
The methanolic extract of leaf did not show acute toxicity up to the dose of 5000 mg/kg and showed better glucose utilization in the oral glucose tolerance test. After 14 days of treatment, leaf extract decreased the blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphatase, and fructose-1-6-bisphosphatase in diabetic mice. In contrast, it increased hexokinase and insulin levels in diabetic mice. Moreover, weight loss and dyslipidemia profiles have been corrected significantly in diabetic mice.
leaves showed antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. That suggests may be a potential treatment option for diabetes in the future. However, further molecular studies are required to analyze the mechanisms.
糖尿病是全球主要的公共卫生问题之一，在埃塞俄比亚其患病率也在上升。目前用于糖尿病患者的药物价格昂贵、疗效欠佳、安全性较低且给药方式具有挑战性。因此，在全球范围内，对替代性草药抗糖尿病药物的需求日益增加。在先前的研究中，已在叶的粗提物中观察到抗氧化活性，这是具有抗糖尿病特性的一个良好迹象。据此，本研究评估了叶甲醇提取物的抗糖尿病和抗血脂异常活性。
在血糖正常、口服葡萄糖负荷及四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠模型上，研究了叶粗甲醇提取物三个剂量（250mg/kg、500mg/kg和1000mg/kg）的降血糖和抗高血糖活性。在四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠中，还研究了该提取物对糖尿病血脂异常、胰岛素和糖化血红蛋白水平、碳水化合物代谢酶以及体重的影响。所有情况下均使用格列本脲（5mg/kg）作为标准药物。采用混合设计方差分析进行数据分析。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学显著差异。
叶甲醇提取物在高达5000mg/kg的剂量下未显示出急性毒性，且在口服葡萄糖耐量试验中表现出更好的葡萄糖利用情况。治疗14天后，叶提取物降低了糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶和果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶。相反，它提高了糖尿病小鼠的己糖激酶和胰岛素水平。此外，糖尿病小鼠的体重减轻和血脂异常情况得到了显著改善。
叶在四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠中显示出抗高血糖和抗血脂异常作用。这表明叶未来可能是糖尿病的一种潜在治疗选择。然而，需要进一步的分子研究来分析其作用机制。
