Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2021 Oct;57(10):630-636. doi: 10.1016/j.arbr.2020.11.020.
COPD is a multifactorial disease which causes considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies assessing the possible relationship between indoor radon exposure and COPD have shown inconclusive results.
A multicentric, hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in a Spanish radon-prone area. COPD cases were confirmed by spirometry and controls were selected due to trivial surgery or procedures not related to tobacco consumption. All participants had to have lived for at least 15 years in the same dwelling. Radon measurements were conducted individually in dwellings using alpha-track detectors. Results were obtained using multivariate logistic regression.
189 cases and 747 controls took part. There was no significant association between residential radon concentrations and COPD onset with a OR of 1.12 (95%CI 0.41-3.06) for individuals exposed to more than 200Bq/m compared to those exposed to less than 50Bq/m. Heavy smokers seem to increase their COPD risk if exposed to higher radon concentrations vs those exposed to lower concentrations. There was a statistically significant synergy index between radon exposure and tobacco consumption, S-index 11.60 (95%CI 3.71-36.26). Indoor radon concentration was higher in never/light smokers with COPD compared to controls.
No association between indoor radon and COPD has been observed. However, there might be some effect modification on the COPD risk in heavy smokers when high radon exposure is present. This is supported by the additive synergy observed. Also, a possible association between indoor radon and COPD onset in never and light smokers needs to be further studied.
COPD 是一种多因素疾病，在全球范围内造成了相当高的死亡率和发病率。以前评估室内氡暴露与 COPD 之间可能关系的研究结果并不一致。
在西班牙氡高发地区进行了一项多中心、基于医院的病例对照研究。COPD 病例通过肺活量测定法确诊，对照组则因进行非吸烟相关的小手术或程序而选择。所有参与者都必须在同一住所居住至少 15 年。使用α径迹探测器在住宅中单独进行氡测量。结果采用多变量逻辑回归分析。
共有 189 例病例和 747 例对照参与了研究。住宅氡浓度与 COPD 发病之间没有显著关联，与暴露于 50Bq/m 以下的个体相比，暴露于 200Bq/m 以上的个体 COPD 发病的 OR 为 1.12（95%CI 0.41-3.06）。重度吸烟者如果暴露于较高的氡浓度，其 COPD 风险似乎会增加，而暴露于较低浓度的氡浓度的个体则没有增加。在氡暴露和吸烟之间存在统计学显著的协同指数，S 指数为 11.60（95%CI 3.71-36.26）。与对照组相比，患有 COPD 的从不/轻度吸烟者的室内氡浓度更高。
未观察到室内氡与 COPD 之间存在关联。然而，在高氡暴露的情况下，重度吸烟者的 COPD 风险可能存在一些效应修饰。这得到了观察到的附加协同作用的支持。此外，还需要进一步研究室内氡与从不吸烟和轻度吸烟的 COPD 发病之间的可能关联。
