Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 14;17(6):e0269795. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269795. eCollection 2022.
This study describes the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) across different aspects of social isolation among adults 65 years or older.
In this cross-sectional study, we utilized the Wave 3 data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). MCI was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score less than 23. Prevalence of MCI was calculated for above and below average social disconnectedness (SD), perceived isolation (PI), and demographic variables age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, and household income.
The overall prevalence [and 95% confidence interval] of MCI was 27.5% [25.5-29.6]. The high prevalence of MCI was found in those who had above average SD (32.0% [29.1-34.9]), above average PI (33.3% [29.7-36.8]), were older in age (43.1% [38.9-47.3]), male (28.7% [25.9-31.5]), Black (61.1% [52.5-69.6]), had less than a high school education (66.3% [58.9-73.8]), or were in the lowest income group (46.2% [39.7-52.7]). Those with above average SD or PI had a higher prevalence of MCI in almost all demographics, compared to those with below average SD or PI. Those who were Black or African American or had less than a high school education did not have a greater prevalence of MCI when SD was above average.
This current study adds to the body of literature that links SD and PI to MCI and sheds light on the possible existing socio-demographic disparities. Groups with greater than average SD or PI tend to have a higher prevalence of MCI. Further studies are needed to establish a causal association of SD and PI with MCI.
本研究描述了老年人中不同社交隔离程度的轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率。
在这项横断面研究中，我们利用了国家社会生活、健康和老龄化项目（NSHAP）的第 3 波数据。MCI 的定义是蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）得分低于 23 分。根据社交脱节（SD）、感知隔离（PI）以及年龄、性别、种族/民族、教育和家庭收入等人口统计学变量的平均值，计算 MCI 的患病率。
MCI 的总体患病率[95%置信区间]为 27.5%[25.5-29.6]。在社交脱节程度较高（32.0%[29.1-34.9]）、感知隔离程度较高（33.3%[29.7-36.8]）、年龄较大（43.1%[38.9-47.3]）、男性（28.7%[25.9-31.5]）、黑人（61.1%[52.5-69.6]）、受教育程度低于高中（66.3%[58.9-73.8]）或收入最低组（46.2%[39.7-52.7]）的人群中，MCI 的高患病率更为明显。与社交脱节或感知隔离程度较低的人群相比，社交脱节或感知隔离程度较高的人群在几乎所有人口统计学特征中都有更高的 MCI 患病率。在社交脱节程度较高的情况下，非裔美国人或受教育程度低于高中的人群的 MCI 患病率并没有更高。
本研究增加了社交脱节和感知隔离与 MCI 相关的文献，并揭示了可能存在的社会人口统计学差异。社交脱节或感知隔离程度较高的群体往往有更高的 MCI 患病率。需要进一步的研究来确定社交脱节和感知隔离与 MCI 之间的因果关系。
