Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2022 Jul;102(4):272-282. doi: 10.1002/cyto.b.22081. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
Multidimensional flow cytometry (MFC) is routinely used for the diagnosis and follow-up of hematolymphoid neoplasms but its contribution to the identification of non-hematolymphoid malignant tumors is limited.
The presence of non-hematolymphoid cells in clinical samples obtained via minimally invasive methods was ascertained by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies previously developed in our laboratory comprising a mixture of antibodies: CD9-PacB/CD45-OC515/CD57-FITC/CD56-PE/CD3-PerCP-Cy5.5/CD117-PE-Cy7/CD326-APC/CD81-APC-C750. Histopathological studies were performed using standard techniques.
164 specimens of different origins were included. Malignancy was finally confirmed in 142 (86.5%), while 22 non neoplastic samples were identified. The most frequent diagnosis was small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (50%). High sensitivity (S = 98.6%) was reached combining MFC and conventional pathology. Individual markers differed according to the cellular origin of the neoplasm, with neuroendocrine tumors showing a unique immunophenotypic profile (CD56+ CD326+ CD117-/+ and variable tetraspanins expression). Principal component analysis efficiently distinguished SCLC from other tumor samples. In immune cell populations, differences between reactive and malignant biopsies were found in different cell compartments, especially in B cells and Plasma cells. Differences also emerged in the percentage of CD4+ CD8- T cells, CD4-CD8+ T cells and NK cells and these were dependent on the origin of the tumor cells.
These results support the use of MFC as a rapid and valuable technique to detect non-hematolymphoid tumoral cells in clinical specimens, providing an initial orientation to complement hystopathological studies and allow a more precise diagnosis, especially in neuroendocrine neoplasms. The impact of different immune cell patterns warrants further research.
多维流式细胞术（MFC）常用于血液淋巴肿瘤的诊断和随访，但它对非血液淋巴恶性肿瘤的识别贡献有限。
通过使用我们实验室先前开发的包含一组混合抗体的抗体组合来确定通过微创方法获得的临床样本中是否存在非血液淋巴样细胞：CD9-PacB/CD45-OC515/CD57-FITC/CD56-PE/CD3-PerCP-Cy5.5/CD117-PE-Cy7/CD326-APC/CD81-APC-C750。采用标准技术进行组织病理学研究。
共纳入 164 例不同来源的标本。最终确诊恶性肿瘤 142 例（86.5%），非肿瘤性样本 22 例。最常见的诊断是小细胞肺癌（SCLC）（50%）。将 MFC 与常规病理学相结合，达到了高灵敏度（S=98.6%）。根据肿瘤的细胞来源，个体标志物存在差异，神经内分泌肿瘤表现出独特的免疫表型特征（CD56+CD326+CD117-/+和可变四跨膜蛋白表达）。主成分分析有效地将 SCLC 与其他肿瘤样本区分开来。在免疫细胞群中，在不同的细胞区室中发现了反应性和恶性活检之间的差异，尤其是在 B 细胞和浆细胞中。CD4+CD8-T 细胞、CD4-CD8+T 细胞和 NK 细胞的百分比也存在差异，这些差异取决于肿瘤细胞的来源。
这些结果支持将 MFC 用作快速且有价值的技术来检测临床标本中的非血液淋巴肿瘤细胞，为补充组织病理学研究提供初步方向，并允许更精确的诊断，特别是在神经内分泌肿瘤中。不同免疫细胞模式的影响值得进一步研究。
