Aliyo Alqeer, Golicha Wako, Fikrie Anteneh
Medical Laboratory Science Department, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bile Hora, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bile Hora, Ethiopia.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol. 2022 Jun 13;9:23333928221108033. doi: 10.1177/23333928221108033. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Low dietary diversity is the main public health issue in developing countries. Despite its burden, there is a paucity of information on the dietary diversity of households and related factors in rural residents of southern Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed household dietary diversity and associated factors among rural residents of Gomole district.
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 1 to December 30, 2020, among 554 randomly selected rural households. Data were collected by using pretested structured face-to-face interviews about dietary intake by any household members within the past 24 h. The data were coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Both descriptive and analytic statistics were employed. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) together with 95% confidence intervals and p values of less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
Out of the total, 19% (95%; CI = 15.7-22.2) of households had adequate dietary diversity scores. The mean (±SD) dietary diversity score was 5.12 (±1.6). The most consumed food groups in the study area were cereals/grains (96.4%), condiments (salt and beverages (tea)) (84.3%) and milk and milk products (80%). The sex of the household head (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.04-5.13), bank account ownership (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.04-4.59), and livestock ownership (AOR = 4.75, 95% CI: 1.35-16.73) were positively associated with dietary diversity. However, distance to the marketplace (AOR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02-0.56) was negatively associated with adequate dietary diversity.
There is low dietary diversity among households of study area. Improving livestock rearing and bank accounts should be strengthened through strong intersectional collaboration to alleviate the problem.
饮食多样性低是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题。尽管存在这一负担，但关于埃塞俄比亚南部农村居民家庭饮食多样性及相关因素的信息却很匮乏。因此，本研究评估了戈莫勒区农村居民的家庭饮食多样性及相关因素。
2020年11月1日至12月30日，在554户随机抽取的农村家庭中开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过使用经过预测试的结构化面对面访谈收集数据，询问过去24小时内任何家庭成员的饮食摄入量。数据进行编码后录入Epi数据3.1，并使用社会科学统计软件包第23版进行分析。同时采用描述性和分析性统计方法。调整后的比值比（AOR）以及95%置信区间和小于0.05的p值用于判定统计学显著性。
总体中，19%（95%；CI = 15.7 - 22.2）的家庭饮食多样性得分充足。平均（±标准差）饮食多样性得分为5.12（±1.6）。研究区域内消费最多的食物类别是谷物/粮食（96.4%）、调味品（盐和饮料（茶））（84.3%）以及牛奶和奶制品（80%）。户主性别（AOR = 2.31，95% CI：1.04 - 5.13）、拥有银行账户（AOR = 2.18，95% CI：1.04 - 4.59）和拥有牲畜（AOR = 4.75，95% CI：1.35 - 16.73）与饮食多样性呈正相关。然而，到市场的距离（AOR = 0.11，95% CI：0.02 - 0.56）与充足的饮食多样性呈负相关。
研究区域内家庭的饮食多样性较低。应通过强有力的跨部门合作加强牲畜饲养并增加银行账户，以缓解这一问题。
