Yoon Hee-Young, Uh Soo-Taek
Division of Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2022 Oct;85(4):320-331. doi: 10.4046/trd.2022.0053. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major health burden worldwide, with over 450 million confirmed cases and 6 million deaths. Although the acute phase of COVID-19 management has been established, there is still a long way to go to evaluate the long-term clinical course or manage complications due to the relatively short outbreak of the virus. Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common respiratory complications associated with COVID-19. Scarring throughout the lungs after viral or bacterial pulmonary infection have been commonly observed, but the prevalence of post- COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis is rapidly increasing. However, there is limited information available about post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, and there is also a lack of consensus on what condition should be defined as post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. During a relatively short follow-up period of approximately 1 year, lesions considered related to pulmonary fibrosis often showed gradual improvement; therefore, it is questionable at what time point fibrosis should be evaluated. In this review, we investigated the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and management of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已成为全球主要的健康负担，确诊病例超过4.5亿例，死亡人数达600万。尽管COVID-19的急性期管理已确立，但由于该病毒爆发时间相对较短，评估其长期临床病程或处理并发症仍有很长的路要走。肺纤维化是与COVID-19相关的最常见的呼吸并发症之一。病毒或细菌肺部感染后肺部出现瘢痕形成的情况很常见，但COVID-19后肺纤维化的患病率正在迅速上升。然而，关于COVID-19后肺纤维化的可用信息有限，对于何种情况应被定义为COVID-19后肺纤维化也缺乏共识。在约1年的相对较短随访期内，被认为与肺纤维化相关的病变往往显示出逐渐改善；因此，在什么时间点评估纤维化存在疑问。在本综述中，我们研究了COVID-19后肺纤维化的流行病学、危险因素、发病机制及管理。
