Luft F C
J Int Med Res. 1978;6(4):286-99. doi: 10.1177/030006057800600406.
The data on the toxicity of netilmicin in laboratory animals as well as preliminary data in man are reviewed. Netilmicin is less toxic to the VIIIth nerve than is gentamicin in all species tested. The data suggest that it probably is less ototoxic than tobramycin, although confirmatory studies should be performed. Netilmicin is also nephrotoxic than gentamicin in all species tested. It is less nephrotoxic than tobramycin in the rat and dog. Comparisons in the rat suggest that netilmicin has a flat dose--response curve that resembles the curve produced by streptomycin. In animals, netilmicin produces more neuromuscular blockade than gentamicin; however, neuromuscular blockade with aminoglycosides in man is rare and thus far no episodes have been associated with netilmicin during clinical investigation. Initial clinical studies in man indicate that netilmicin is efficacious and well tolerated. Presently available data suggest that netilmicin offers distinct advantages over older aminoglycosides. Final conclusions must await prospective randomized double-blind trials in man.
本文综述了奈替米星在实验动物中的毒性数据以及在人体中的初步数据。在所有受试物种中，奈替米星对第八对脑神经的毒性低于庆大霉素。数据表明，尽管应进行验证性研究，但它的耳毒性可能低于妥布霉素。在所有受试物种中，奈替米星的肾毒性也低于庆大霉素。在大鼠和狗中，它的肾毒性低于妥布霉素。在大鼠中的比较表明，奈替米星具有平坦的剂量-反应曲线，类似于链霉素产生的曲线。在动物中，奈替米星产生的神经肌肉阻滞比庆大霉素更多；然而，氨基糖苷类药物在人体中引起的神经肌肉阻滞很少见，到目前为止，临床研究期间尚未有与奈替米星相关的病例。人体的初步临床研究表明，奈替米星有效且耐受性良好。目前可得的数据表明，奈替米星比旧的氨基糖苷类药物具有明显优势。最终结论必须等待人体前瞻性随机双盲试验的结果。
