Fillastre J P, Hemet J, Tulkens P, Morin J P, Viotte G, Olier B, Godin M
Adv Nephrol Necker Hosp. 1983;12:253-75.
In 1982, aminoglycosides still are widely prescribed and considered indispensable for the treatment of severe gram-negative infections. All the aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic, but both experimental works and clinical investigations indicate that they do not all have the same nephrotoxic potential. Within the renal tubular cell in several animal species and in man, the initial and the most extensive changes are those that occur in the lysosomes. We compared the effects of gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin and, amikacin on (a) lysosomal structural latency, (b) the activity of several enzymes, either lysosomal or those contained in the proximal tubular cell brush border, and (c) the accumulation of myeloid bodies in the lysosomes. From our results, it appears that gentamicin is the aminoglycoside that induces the greatest number of lysosomal changes whereas amikacin induces the least, with the effects of netilmicin and tobramycin quite close to those of amikacin. Other works comparing the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides reveal the same high nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin.
1982年，氨基糖苷类药物仍被广泛应用，被认为是治疗严重革兰氏阴性菌感染不可或缺的药物。所有氨基糖苷类药物都具有肾毒性，但实验研究和临床调查表明，它们的肾毒性潜力并不相同。在几种动物和人类的肾小管细胞内，最初且最广泛的变化发生在溶酶体中。我们比较了庆大霉素、妥布霉素、奈替米星和阿米卡星对（a）溶酶体结构潜伏性、（b）几种酶的活性（包括溶酶体酶或近端肾小管细胞刷状缘所含酶）以及（c）溶酶体内髓样小体积累的影响。从我们的结果来看，庆大霉素似乎是诱导溶酶体变化最多的氨基糖苷类药物，而阿米卡星诱导的变化最少，奈替米星和妥布霉素的影响与阿米卡星相当接近。其他比较氨基糖苷类药物肾毒性的研究也揭示了庆大霉素同样具有很高的肾毒性潜力。
