Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2022 Jul;117:105-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.03.021. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Ultraviolet (UV)/monochloramine (NHCl) as an advanced oxidation process was firstly applied for Aspergillus spores inactivation. This study aims to: i) clarify the inactivation and photoreactivation characteristics of UV/NHCl process, ii) compared with UV/Cl in inactivation efficiency, photoreactivation and energy consumption. The results illustrated that UV/NHCl showed better inactivation efficiency than that of UV alone and UV/Cl, and could effectively control the photoreactivation. For instance, the inactivation rates for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus in the processes of UV/NHCl (2.0 mg/L) was 0.034, 0.030 and 0.061 cm/mJ, respectively, which were higher than that of UV alone (0.027, 0.026 and 0.024 cm/mJ) and UV/Cl (0.023, 0.026 and 0.031 cm/mJ). However, there was no synergistic effect for Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. As for Aspergillus niger, the best synergistic effect can reach 1.86-log. This may be due to their different resistance to disinfectants, which were related to the size, an outer layer of rodlets (hydrophobins) and pigments. After UV/NHCl inactivation, the degree of cell membrane damage and intracellular reactive oxygen species were higher than that of UV alone. UV/NHCl had the advantages of high inactivation efficiency and inhibition of photoreactivation, which provides a new entry point for the disinfection of waterborne fungi.
紫外线（UV）/单氯胺（NHCl）作为一种高级氧化工艺，首次应用于曲霉孢子的灭活。本研究旨在：i）阐明 UV/NHCl 工艺的灭活和光复活特性，ii）比较 UV/Cl 在灭活效率、光复活和能耗方面的差异。结果表明，UV/NHCl 比单独的 UV 和 UV/Cl 具有更好的灭活效率，并且可以有效控制光复活。例如，在 UV/NHCl（2.0mg/L）工艺中，黄曲霉、黑曲霉和烟曲霉的灭活率分别为 0.034、0.030 和 0.061cm/mJ，高于单独 UV（0.027、0.026 和 0.024cm/mJ）和 UV/Cl（0.023、0.026 和 0.031cm/mJ）。然而，对于黄曲霉和烟曲霉，没有协同作用。对于黑曲霉，最佳协同作用可达 1.86 个对数。这可能是由于它们对消毒剂的不同抵抗力，这与细胞大小、外层的杆状结构（疏水性蛋白）和色素有关。UV/NHCl 灭活后，细胞膜损伤程度和细胞内活性氧的程度高于单独 UV。UV/NHCl 具有高效灭活和抑制光复活的优点，为水传播真菌的消毒提供了新的切入点。
