Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Avenue Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil.
Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 20;12(1):10318. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14069-1.
Dietary fatty acids (FA) are components of the lipids, which contribute to membrane structure, energy input, and biological functions related to cellular signaling and transcriptome regulation. However, the consumers still associate dietary FA with fat deposition and increased occurrence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and atherosclerosis. Previous studies already demonstrated that some fatty acids are linked with inflammatory response, preventing metabolic diseases. To better understand the role of dietary FA on metabolic diseases, for the first time, a study to identify key transcription factors (TF) involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory response by transcriptome analysis from liver samples of animal models was performed. The key TF were identified by functional enrichment analysis from the list of differentially expressed genes identified in liver samples between 35 pigs fed with 1.5% or 3.0% soybean oil. The functional enrichment analysis detected TF linked to lipid homeostasis and inflammatory response, such as RXRA, EGFR, and SREBP2 precursor. These findings demonstrated that key TF related to lipid metabolism could be modulated by dietary inclusion of soybean oil. It could contribute to nutrigenomics research field that aims to elucidate dietary interventions in animal and human health, as well as to drive food technology and science.
膳食脂肪酸（FA）是脂质的组成部分，有助于膜结构、能量输入以及与细胞信号转导和转录组调控相关的生物功能。然而，消费者仍然将膳食 FA 与脂肪沉积和肥胖症、动脉粥样硬化等代谢疾病的发生率增加联系在一起。先前的研究已经表明，一些脂肪酸与炎症反应有关，可预防代谢疾病。为了更好地了解膳食 FA 对代谢疾病的作用，首次通过对动物模型肝脏样本的转录组分析，进行了一项研究以确定与脂质代谢和炎症反应相关的关键转录因子（TF）。通过对从 1.5%或 3.0%豆油喂养的 35 头猪的肝脏样本中差异表达基因列表进行功能富集分析，确定了关键 TF。功能富集分析检测到与脂质稳态和炎症反应相关的 TF，如 RXRA、EGFR 和 SREBP2 前体。这些发现表明，膳食豆油的添加可以调节与脂质代谢相关的关键 TF。这可能有助于营养基因组学研究领域，该领域旨在阐明动物和人类健康中的膳食干预措施，并推动食品技术和科学的发展。
