Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 20;12(1):10363. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14593-0.
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a glucosinolates' hydrolytic product, was studied for its anti-insect potential against an economically important, destructive tephritid pest, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). The first, second and third instar maggots of the pest were fed on artificial diets amended with varied concentrations of AITC viz. 5 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm with DMSO (0.5%) as control. Results revealed high larval mortality, alteration of larval period, prolongation of pupal and total developmental periods in all instars of the maggots treated with AITC as compared to controls. Percent pupation and percent adult emergence decreased in all larval instars. Growth indices viz. Larval Growth Index (LGI) and Total Growth Index (TGI) were negatively affected. Anti-nutritional/post ingestive toxicity of AITC was also revealed by the decrease in Food Assimilation (FA) and Mean Relative Growth rate (MRGR) values with respect to control. Profiles of PO (Phenol oxidase) and other detoxifying enzymes including SOD (Superoxide dismutases), CAT (Catalases), GST (Glutathione-S-transferases), EST (Esterases), AKP (Alkaline phosphatases) and ACP (Acid phosphatases) were also significantly influenced. The genotoxic effect of AITC was also evaluated by conducting comet assays at LC and LC. Significant DNA damage in hemocytes was reflected by increase in Tail length (μm), Percent Tail DNA, Tail Moment (TM) and Olive Tail Moment (OTM) as compared to controls. The results indicated high potential of AITC as biopesticide for pest management.
丙烯基异硫氰酸酯（AITC）是硫代葡萄糖苷的水解产物，研究了其对经济上重要的破坏性桔小实蝇（Zeugodacus cucurbitae（Coquillett））的抗虫潜力。用不同浓度的 AITC 处理桔小实蝇的 1、2、3 龄幼虫，即在人工饲料中添加 5ppm、25ppm、50ppm、100ppm、150ppm 和 200ppm 的 AITC，并用 DMSO（0.5%）作为对照。结果表明，与对照组相比，用 AITC 处理的幼虫死亡率高，幼虫期改变，蛹期和总发育期延长。所有幼虫龄期的蛹化率和成虫羽化率均降低。生长指数，即幼虫生长指数（LGI）和总生长指数（TGI）均受负面影响。AITC 的抗营养/摄食后毒性也通过降低食物同化（FA）和相对生长率（MRGR）值相对于对照来显示。PO（酚氧化酶）和其他解毒酶的谱，包括 SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）、CAT（过氧化氢酶）、GST（谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）、EST（酯酶）、AKP（碱性磷酸酶）和 ACP（酸性磷酸酶）也受到显著影响。还通过在 LC 和 LC 进行彗星试验评估 AITC 的遗传毒性。与对照组相比，血细胞中的 DNA 损伤显著增加，表现为尾长（μm）、尾 DNA 百分比、尾矩（TM）和橄榄尾矩（OTM）增加。结果表明，AITC 作为害虫管理的生物农药具有很大的潜力。
