MB ChB: Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
MB ChB FRANZCO: Department of Surgery & Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2022 Apr 14;135(1553):35-42.
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of glaucoma in New Zealand using a population-based birth cohort of 45-year-olds.
Study members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health & Development Study participated (n=938 out of 1037 births (91%)). The data collected included visual acuity, visual field (VF), refraction, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and non-mydriatic fundus photographs. Two ophthalmologists reviewed data independently to generate a consensus glaucoma status: "Normal" if no suspicion of glaucoma; "Ocular hypertension" if IOP >21 mmHg; "Glaucoma suspect" if optic disc photograph was suspicious for glaucoma with no more than borderline or non-corresponding VF or OCT abnormalities; and "Glaucoma" if optic disc photograph was suspicious for glaucoma and there were corresponding abnormalities of the OCT or VF.
Of 891 participants with sufficient data to assign a glaucoma status, 804 were "Normal" (90.2% [CI 88.3-92.2]), 15 were "Ocular hypertension" (1.68% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-2.5]), 65 were "Glaucoma suspect" (7.30% [95% CI 5.6-9.0]), and 7 were classified as "Glaucoma" (0.79% [95% CI 0.21-1.4]). An additional 73 participants (8.2%, [95% CI 6.3%-10%]) had abnormalities on the OCT scan but were not deemed to be glaucoma suspects.
The prevalence of glaucoma in New Zealand is between 0.2% and 1.4%, consistent with other population-based studies in the same age group. The study highlights the sensitivity of OCT and the potential for misinterpretation and over-investigation.
我们旨在通过对 45 岁人群的基于人群的出生队列来估计新西兰的青光眼患病率。
Dunedin 多学科健康与发展研究的研究成员参加了这项研究（n=1037 名出生者中的 938 名（91%））。收集的数据包括视力、视野（VF）、屈光、中央角膜厚度、眼内压（IOP）、眼轴、谱域光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和非散瞳眼底照片。两名眼科医生独立审查数据，以生成一致的青光眼状态：如果没有青光眼的怀疑，则为“正常”；如果 IOP>21mmHg，则为“高眼压”；如果眼底照片对青光眼有可疑，但 VF 或 OCT 异常仅为边缘或不对应，则为“青光眼可疑”；如果眼底照片对青光眼有可疑，并且 OCT 或 VF 有相应的异常，则为“青光眼”。
在有足够数据分配青光眼状态的 891 名参与者中，804 名“正常”（90.2%[95%置信区间（CI）88.3-92.2]），15 名“高眼压”（1.68%[95%CI 0.84-2.5]），65 名“青光眼可疑”（7.30%[95%CI 5.6-9.0]），7 名被归类为“青光眼”（0.79%[95%CI 0.21-1.4]）。另有 73 名参与者（8.2%[95%CI 6.3%-10%]）OCT 扫描有异常，但不被认为是青光眼可疑者。
新西兰的青光眼患病率在 0.2%至 1.4%之间，与同年龄组的其他基于人群的研究一致。该研究强调了 OCT 的敏感性以及可能的误解和过度检查。
