Getchell M L, Zielinski B, DeSimone J A, Getchell T V
J Comp Physiol A. 1987 Feb;160(2):155-68. doi: 10.1007/BF00609723.
Topical application of the odorants guaiacol (10(-3) mol/l, 1-30 min) and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP, 10(-5)-10(-3) mol/l, 15 min) caused time- and concentration-dependent reductions in the secretory granule content of acinar cells of the superficial Bowman's glands (sBG) and moderate to extensive vacuolation in acinar cells of sBG and deep olfactory glands (dG). Topical application of 9.8 mg/ml scopolamine 10 min before 10(-4) mol/l IBMP significantly reduced the amount of secretory granule depletion from sBG compared to that seen with IBMP alone and resulted in less extensive vacuolation in sBG and dG acinar cells. The i.p. injection of 42 mg/kg propranolol 10 min before topical application of 10(-4) mol/l IBMP had no effect on the action of IBMP. Guaiacol and IBMP also had time- and concentration-dependent effects on the secretory activity of sustentacular cells in the olfactory epithelium. The protrusion of secretory material into the mucociliary matrix that covers the epithelial surface and vacuolation within the secretory material resulted from odorant application. Scopolamine and propranolol had no effects on the action of IBMP on sustentacular cell secretory activity. When applied in the vapor phase, guaiacol elicited action potentials recorded from individual olfactory receptor neurons; the impulse frequency was concentration-dependent and showed tonic and phasic components when the duration of stimulation was varied. Low to moderate concentrations of IBMP delivered in the vapor phase evoked monophasic negative slow voltage transients recorded from the surface of the olfactory mucosa. The amplitudes of these transients increased with increasing stimulus concentrations. Higher concentrations or longer stimulus durations evoked longer-latency positive-voltage generating processes and negative afterpotentials. The properties of the electrophysiological responses to both odorants were characteristic of responses evoked by a wide variety of 'typical' odorants.
将愈创木酚（10⁻³mol/L，1 - 30分钟）和2 - 异丁基 - 3 - 甲氧基吡嗪（IBMP，10⁻⁵ - 10⁻³mol/L，15分钟）局部应用于浅表鲍曼腺（sBG）的腺泡细胞，会导致其分泌颗粒含量出现时间和浓度依赖性减少，以及sBG和深部嗅腺（dG）的腺泡细胞出现中度至广泛的空泡化。在应用10⁻⁴mol/L的IBMP前10分钟局部应用9.8mg/ml东莨菪碱，与单独使用IBMP相比，显著减少了sBG分泌颗粒的消耗，并使sBG和dG腺泡细胞的空泡化程度减轻。在局部应用10⁻⁴mol/L的IBMP前10分钟腹腔注射42mg/kg普萘洛尔，对IBMP的作用没有影响。愈创木酚和IBMP对嗅上皮支持细胞的分泌活性也有时间和浓度依赖性影响。气味剂的应用导致分泌物质突出到覆盖上皮表面的黏液纤毛基质中，并在分泌物质内形成空泡。东莨菪碱和普萘洛尔对IBMP对支持细胞分泌活性的作用没有影响。当以气相形式应用时，愈创木酚可诱发从单个嗅觉受体神经元记录到的动作电位；冲动频率呈浓度依赖性，并且在刺激持续时间变化时显示出紧张性和相位性成分。气相中低至中等浓度的IBMP可诱发从嗅黏膜表面记录到的单相负性慢电压瞬变。这些瞬变的幅度随着刺激浓度的增加而增加。更高的浓度或更长的刺激持续时间会诱发潜伏期更长的正电压产生过程和负后电位。对这两种气味剂的电生理反应特性是由多种“典型”气味剂诱发的反应所具有的特征。
