School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Sep;37(9):1673-1684. doi: 10.1111/jgh.15921. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an atopic disease of the esophagus that has shown a significant increase in incidence and prevalence in the last 20 years. The etiology of EoE is unclear, and few studies explore the esophageal microbiota in EoE. The local microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and eczema. In this study, we performed a systematic review to evaluate differences in the microbiota profile of patients with EoE compared with controls. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases were searched to identify studies investigating the microbiota composition in EoE. Three reviewers screened the articles for eligibility and quality. Seven articles underwent full-text review, and a narrative synthesis was undertaken. The microbiota of the mouth and esophagus are correlated. Patients with active EoE present increased esophageal microbial load and increased abundance in particular species, such as Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter. On the other hand, EoE patients present a decrease in Firmicutes. High microbial load and abundance of Haemophilus are observed in EoE patients, but little evidence exists to demonstrate their influence on inflammation and disease. Understanding microbial signatures in EoE might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎（EoE）是一种食管特应性疾病，在过去 20 年中其发病率和患病率显著增加。EoE 的病因尚不清楚，很少有研究探讨 EoE 的食管微生物群。局部微生物组已被牵涉到几种过敏性和炎症性疾病的发病机制中，如哮喘和湿疹。在这项研究中，我们进行了系统评价，以评估 EoE 患者与对照组之间的微生物群谱差异。我们检索了 MEDLINE、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus 和 CINAHL（护理和联合健康文献累积索引）数据库，以确定研究 EoE 微生物组成的研究。三名评审员筛选了文章的资格和质量。有 7 篇文章进行了全文审查，并进行了叙述性综合分析。口腔和食管的微生物群是相关的。活动期 EoE 患者表现出食管微生物负荷增加，特别是某些物种（如嗜血杆菌和聚集杆菌）的丰度增加。另一方面，EoE 患者表现出厚壁菌门减少。在 EoE 患者中观察到高微生物负荷和嗜血杆菌的丰度，但几乎没有证据表明它们对炎症和疾病有影响。了解 EoE 中的微生物特征可能有助于开发新的治疗策略。
