Li Zhan, Yu Sihua, Jiang Yongjun, Fu Yajing
Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Nov;279(11):5089-5095. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07485-6. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition characterized by immune cell infiltration of the nasal mucosa, with symptoms of rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal obstruction, and itchiness. Currently, common medication for AR is anti-inflammatory treatment including intranasal steroids, oral, or intranasal anti-histamines, and immunotherapy. These strategies are effective to the majority of patients with AR, but some patients under medication cannot achieve symptom relieve and suffer from bothersome side effects, indicating a demand for novel anti-inflammatory treatment as alternatives. Chemokines, a complex superfamily of small, secreted proteins, were initially recognized for their chemotactic effects on various immune cells. Chemokines constitute both physiological and inflammatory cell positioning systems and mediate cell localization to certain sites via interaction with their receptors, which are expressed on responding cells. Chemokines and their receptors participate in the sensitization, early phase response, and late phase response of AR by promoting inflammatory cell recruitment, differentiation, and allergic mediator release. In this review, we first systemically summarize chemokines and chemokine receptors that are important in AR pathophysiology and then discuss potential strategies targeting chemokines and their receptors for AR therapy.
变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种免疫介导的炎症性疾病，其特征为鼻黏膜有免疫细胞浸润，并伴有鼻溢、打喷嚏、鼻塞和瘙痒等症状。目前，AR的常用药物是抗炎治疗，包括鼻用类固醇、口服或鼻用抗组胺药以及免疫疗法。这些策略对大多数AR患者有效，但一些正在接受药物治疗的患者无法缓解症状，且遭受令人烦恼的副作用，这表明需要新型抗炎治疗作为替代方案。趋化因子是一类由小的分泌蛋白组成的复杂超家族，最初因其对各种免疫细胞的趋化作用而被认识。趋化因子构成了生理和炎症细胞定位系统，并通过与表达于反应性细胞上的受体相互作用，介导细胞定位到特定部位。趋化因子及其受体通过促进炎症细胞募集、分化和变应性介质释放，参与AR的致敏、早期反应和晚期反应。在本综述中，我们首先系统地总结了在AR病理生理学中重要的趋化因子和趋化因子受体，然后讨论针对趋化因子及其受体进行AR治疗的潜在策略。
