Sufianov Rinat, Pitskhelauri David, Bykanov Andrey
Department of Neurooncology, N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Front Surg. 2022 Jun 6;9:915253. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.915253. eCollection 2022.
Tumors of the IV ventricle represent 1-5% of all intracranial lesions; they are implicated in 2/3 of the tumors of the ventricular system. According to modern standards, the first treatment stage for this pathology is microsurgical removal. Currently, for the removal of neoplasms of the IV ventricle and brainstem, the median suboccipital approach is widely used, followed by one of the microapproaches. Moreover, with the development of microsurgical techniques, keyhole approaches are now beginning to be utilized. However, surgical treatment of these tumors remains a challenge for neurosurgeons due to the proximity of functionally important anatomical structures (the brainstem, the cerebellum, pathways, vessels, etc.) of the posterior cranial fossa. Therefore, surgery in this area is associated with the possible occurrence of a wide range of postoperative complications. The authors provide a review of series of fourth ventricle tumors treated with microsurgical technique.
第四脑室肿瘤占所有颅内病变的1%-5%；在脑室系统肿瘤中，三分之二与之相关。按照现代标准，该病症的首个治疗阶段是显微手术切除。目前，对于第四脑室和脑干肿瘤的切除，广泛采用枕下正中入路，随后采用一种显微入路。此外，随着显微手术技术的发展，锁孔入路如今也开始得到应用。然而，由于后颅窝功能重要的解剖结构（脑干、小脑、传导通路、血管等）位置临近，这些肿瘤的外科治疗对神经外科医生而言仍是一项挑战。因此，该区域的手术可能会出现多种术后并发症。作者对采用显微手术技术治疗的一系列第四脑室肿瘤进行了综述。
