Kumari Nidhi, Prakash Ved, Roy Sukalyan Saha, Kumar Manish, Mishra Hitesh, Dikshit Harihar
Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Department of Endocrinology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Maedica (Bucur). 2022 Mar;17(1):88-96. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2022.17.1.88.
Many medical and social challenges have been noticed during lockdowns and restrictions in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. These restrictions had a profound impact on people's lifestyle and caused psychological distress. In the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, lifestyle modifications, such as nutritional intervention and proper physical activity, are important aspects. To study the effect of lockdown or self-imposed restrictions due to pandemic on glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus patients and the possible determinants, including diet, sleep, physical activity, psychological status and adherence to treatment. A comparative analysis of the glycaemic status and metabolic parameters (such as random blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, weight, hypoglycaemia and lipid profile), lifestyle and psychological changes and treatment adherence was done in 103 patients. Retrospective pre-lockdown data was collected from the clinical records and interviews (offline, online or by telephone). Prospective lockdown/restrictions data was questionnaire based. Chi-square test was used to analyse categorical data and ANOVA for continuous data. The majority of patients were in the age group of 40-60 years. Most of them reported disturbance in their adherence to proper diet, physical activity, sleep and medication schedule. These differences of opinion were statistically significant (p <0.00001). There were more patients who reported stress and anxiety and this difference was statistically significant. Deterioration of glycaemic control and lipid profile was highly significant (p <0.00001). Mean body weight was increased by 6.67% at the end of the study and the difference was statistically significant. In patients with diabetes, pandemic-related restrictions had a profound impact on the glycaemic control, metabolic status, adherence to medication and quality of life. This highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing patients with diabetes, focusing on various issues, including prevalence of poor diet control, physical inactivity and psychological stress, via various awareness and counselling programs, preferably through online mode.
在新冠疫情期间的封锁和限制措施实施过程中，人们注意到了许多医学和社会方面的挑战。这些限制对人们的生活方式产生了深远影响，并导致了心理困扰。在2型糖尿病的管理中，生活方式的改变，如营养干预和适当的体育活动，是重要的方面。为了研究因疫情导致的封锁或自我限制对糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响以及可能的决定因素，包括饮食、睡眠、体育活动、心理状态和治疗依从性。对103例患者的血糖状态和代谢参数（如随机血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体重、低血糖和血脂谱）、生活方式和心理变化以及治疗依从性进行了比较分析。回顾性的封锁前数据是从临床记录和访谈（线下、线上或电话访谈）中收集的。前瞻性的封锁/限制数据是基于问卷调查的。采用卡方检验分析分类数据，采用方差分析分析连续数据。大多数患者年龄在40-60岁之间。他们中的大多数人报告说在遵守合理饮食、体育活动、睡眠和用药时间表方面受到了干扰。这些意见差异具有统计学意义（p<0.00001）。报告有压力和焦虑的患者更多，且这种差异具有统计学意义。血糖控制和血脂谱的恶化非常显著（p<0.00001）。研究结束时，平均体重增加了6.67%，差异具有统计学意义。对于糖尿病患者，与疫情相关的限制对血糖控制、代谢状态、用药依从性和生活质量产生了深远影响。这凸显了在管理糖尿病患者时采用多学科方法的必要性，通过各种提高认识和咨询项目，最好是通过在线模式，关注包括不良饮食控制、缺乏体育活动和心理压力等各种问题。
