Al Brahim Ali, Bai Baojun, Schuman Thomas
Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 1400 N. Bishop, Rolla, MO 65409, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 W. 11th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USA.
Gels. 2022 Jun 5;8(6):353. doi: 10.3390/gels8060353.
Conformance problems often exist in natural gas-related activities, resulting in excessive water production from natural gas production wells and/or excessive natural gas production from oil production wells. Several mechanical and chemical solutions were reported in the literature to mitigate the conformance problems. Among the chemical solutions, two classes of materials, namely polymer gels and water-soluble polymers, have been mostly reported. These systems have been mainly reviewed in several studies for their applications as water shutoff treatments for oil production wells. Natural gas production wells exhibit different characteristics and have different properties which could impact the performance of the chemical solutions. However, there has not been any work done on reviewing the applications of these systems for the challenging natural gas-related shutoff treatments. This study provides a comprehensive review of the laboratory evaluation and field applications of these systems used for water control in natural gas production wells and gas shutoff in oil production wells, respectively. The first part of the paper reviews the in-situ polymer gel systems, where both organically and inorganically crosslinked systems are discussed. The second part presents the water-soluble polymers with a focus on their disproportionate permeability reduction feature for controlling water in gas production wells. The review paper provides insights into the reservoir conditions, treatment design and intervention, and the success rate of the systems applied. Furthermore, the outcomes of the paper will provide knowledge regarding the limitations of the existing technologies, current challenges, and potential paths forwards.
在与天然气相关的作业中常常存在层间干扰问题，导致天然气生产井产水量过大和/或石油生产井产气量过大。文献中报道了几种机械和化学解决方法来减轻层间干扰问题。在化学解决方法中，主要报道了两类材料，即聚合物凝胶和水溶性聚合物。这些体系在一些研究中主要因其作为石油生产井堵水措施的应用而受到综述。天然气生产井具有不同的特性和性质，这可能会影响化学溶液的性能。然而，尚未有任何工作对这些体系在具有挑战性的与天然气相关的封堵作业中的应用进行综述。本研究分别对这些体系用于天然气生产井控水和石油生产井气层封堵的实验室评价和现场应用进行了全面综述。论文的第一部分综述了原位聚合物凝胶体系，其中讨论了有机交联体系和无机交联体系。第二部分介绍了水溶性聚合物，重点关注其在控制天然气生产井出水方面的非均相渗透率降低特性。该综述论文深入探讨了储层条件、处理设计与干预以及所应用体系的成功率。此外，论文的成果将提供有关现有技术的局限性、当前挑战以及潜在前进方向的知识。
