Cavaleri Tiziana, Pelosi Claudia, Ricci Marco, Laureti Stefano, Romano Francesco Paolo, Caliri Claudia, Ventura Bernadette, De Blasi Stefania, Gargano Marco
Centro Conservazione e Restauro dei Beni Culturali "La Venaria Reale", Via XX Settembre, 18, Venaria Reale, 13473 Turin, Italy.
Dipartimento di Economia, Ingegneria, Società e Impresa, Università della Tuscia, Via del Paradiso, 47, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
J Imaging. 2022 May 24;8(6):150. doi: 10.3390/jimaging8060150.
The potential of any multi-analytical and non-invasive approach to the study of cultural heritage, both for conservation and scientific investigation purposes, is gaining increasing interest, and it was tested in this paper, focusing on the panel painting (Musei Reali, Turin), identified as a 16th-century copy of the painting by Raffaello Sanzio. As a part of a broader diagnostic campaign carried out at the Centro Conservazione e Restauro, La Venaria Reale in Turin, Italy, the potential of the combination of X-ray radiography, pulse-compression thermography, macro X-ray fluorescence, and IR reflectography was tested to investigate the wooden support and all the preparatory phases for the realization of the painting. The results of the optical microscopy and SEM/EDS analyses on a multi-layered micro-sample were used for a precise comparison, integration, and/or confirmation of what was suggested by the non-invasive techniques. Particularly, the radiographic and thermographic techniques allowed for an in-depth study of a hole, interestingly present on the panel's back surface, detecting the trajectory of the wood grain and confirming the presence of an old wood knot, as well as of a tau-shaped element-potentially a cracked and unfilled area of the wooden support-near the hollow. The combination of radiography, macro X-ray fluorescence, Near Infrared (NIR), and Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) reflectography allowed for an inspection of the ground layer, imprimitura, engravings, and underdrawing, not only revealing interesting technical-executive aspects of the artwork realization, but also highlighting the advantages of an integrated reading of data obtained from the different analytical techniques.
任何用于文化遗产研究的多分析和非侵入性方法，无论是出于保护还是科学研究目的，其潜力都越来越受到关注。本文对此进行了测试，重点是一幅板面油画（都灵皇家博物馆），该画被认定为拉斐尔·桑西奥画作的16世纪复制品。作为在意大利都灵拉韦纳里亚雷亚尔的中央保护与修复中心开展的更广泛诊断活动的一部分，测试了X射线照相术、脉冲压缩热成像、宏观X射线荧光和红外反射成像相结合的潜力，以研究这幅画的木质支撑结构以及创作这幅画的所有准备阶段。对一个多层微样本进行光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜/能谱分析的结果，被用于对非侵入性技术所显示内容进行精确比较、整合和/或确认。特别是，射线照相术和热成像技术能够深入研究面板背面一个有趣的洞，检测木纹的走向，并确认一个旧木节的存在，以及在空洞附近有一个tau形元素——可能是木质支撑结构的一个开裂且未填充的区域。射线照相术、宏观X射线荧光、近红外（NIR）和短波红外（SWIR）反射成像的结合，使得对底层、底色、雕刻和底稿进行检查成为可能，这不仅揭示了艺术品创作有趣的技术执行方面，还突出了对从不同分析技术获得的数据进行综合解读的优势。
