Golian Marcel, Chlebová Zuzana, Žiarovská Jana, Benzová Lenka, Urbanová Lucia, Hovaňáková Lucia, Chlebo Peter, Urminská Dana
Horticulture and Landscape Engineering Faculty, Institute of Horticulture, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia.
AgroBioTech Reseach Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 May 25;8(6):563. doi: 10.3390/jof8060563.
Oyster mushroom () is still one of the most cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms. Despite its frequent cultivation around the world, there is currently just a little information available on the variability of strains in terms of the content of β-glucans in them. This work presents an extensive study of 60 strains in terms of the content of α-glucans and β-glucans in their caps and stipes. The authenticity of the production strains based on an analysis of the variability of their genome by CDDP (Conserved DNA-derived polymorphism) markers was confirmed, whereas identical CDDP profiles were identified between samples 45, 89, 95, and 96. Genetic variability of the analyzed production strains showed a high polymorphism and effective discriminative power of the used marking technique. Medium positive correlations were found among the CDDP profiles and β-glucan content in the group of strains that generated the same CDDP profiles, and low negative correlation was found among these profiles in the group of low β-glucan content strains. For the determination of glucans content, Mushroom and Yeast analytical enzymatic kit (Megazyme, Bray, Co. Wicklow, Ireland) were used. The results clearly showed that the stipe contains on average 33% more β-glucans than the cap. The minimum detected β-glucan content in the stipe was in strain no. 72, specifically 22%, and the maximum in strain no. 43, specifically 56%, which after the conversion represents a difference of 155%. From the point of view of β-glucan content, the stated strain no. 43 appears to be very suitable for the commercial production of β-glucans under certain conditions.
平菇仍然是最常栽培的食用和药用蘑菇之一。尽管它在世界各地频繁种植，但目前关于菌株中β-葡聚糖含量变异性的信息却很少。这项工作对60个菌株的菌盖和菌柄中的α-葡聚糖和β-葡聚糖含量进行了广泛研究。通过保守DNA衍生多态性（CDDP）标记对生产菌株基因组变异性的分析，证实了生产菌株的真实性，而在样品45、89、95和96之间鉴定出相同的CDDP图谱。所分析生产菌株的遗传变异性显示出高多态性以及所用标记技术的有效鉴别力。在产生相同CDDP图谱的菌株组中，CDDP图谱与β-葡聚糖含量之间存在中等正相关，而在低β-葡聚糖含量菌株组中，这些图谱之间存在低负相关。为了测定葡聚糖含量，使用了蘑菇和酵母分析酶试剂盒（Megazyme，布雷，威克洛郡，爱尔兰）。结果清楚地表明，菌柄中β-葡聚糖的平均含量比菌盖多33%。菌柄中检测到的β-葡聚糖最低含量在第72号菌株中，具体为22%，最高在第43号菌株中，具体为56%，换算后相差155%。从β-葡聚糖含量的角度来看，所述的第43号菌株在某些条件下似乎非常适合用于β-葡聚糖的商业生产。
