Gulati Saloni, Chitralekha P, Pandit Manisha Arora, Katyal Roma, Bhandari Neeru, Mehta Poonam, Rawat Charu Dogra, Kaur Surinder, Kaur Jasleen
Department of Botany, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110003, India.
Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110008, India.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Jun 6;8(6):608. doi: 10.3390/jof8060608.
To address international food security concerns and sustain a growing global population, global agricultural output needs to increase by 70% by the year 2050. Current agricultural techniques to increase crop yields, specifically the application of chemicals, have resulted in a wide range of negative impacts on the environment and human health. The maintenance of good quality soil organic matter, a key concern in tropical countries such as India, requires a steady input of organic residues to maintain soil fertility. A tree with many uses, , has attracted much attention over the past decades. As per our literature review, no research has been conducted examining leaves for their fungal decomposition and their use as green manure. A study of the fungal colonization of leaves at various stages of decomposition was conducted to get an insight into which fungi play a critical role in the decomposition process. In total, fifty-two different species of fungi were isolated. There was an increase in the percentage of fungus occurrences as the leaves senesced and then finally decomposed. Almost all decomposition stages were characterized by a higher percentage occurrence of Deuteromycetes (75.47%) and by a lower rate of Ascomycetes (9.43%). A gradual increase of basidiomycetes such as unidentified sclerotia and was seen as the leaves senesced and finally decomposed. In the moist chamber, was the only Myxomycete isolated from completely decomposed leaves. In the present study, on average, there were more fungi in wet seasons than in the dry seasons.
为应对国际粮食安全问题并养活不断增长的全球人口，到2050年全球农业产量需要增长70%。当前用于提高作物产量的农业技术，特别是化学品的施用，已对环境和人类健康造成了广泛的负面影响。在印度等热带国家，保持高质量土壤有机质是一个关键问题，这需要持续投入有机残留物以维持土壤肥力。一种具有多种用途的树，在过去几十年里受到了广泛关注。根据我们的文献综述，尚未有研究考察该树的叶子的真菌分解情况及其作为绿肥的用途。我们开展了一项关于该树叶子在不同分解阶段的真菌定殖研究，以深入了解哪些真菌在分解过程中起关键作用。总共分离出了52种不同的真菌。随着叶子衰老并最终分解，真菌出现的百分比有所增加。几乎所有分解阶段的特征都是半知菌类的出现百分比更高（75.47%），而子囊菌的出现率较低（9.43%）。随着叶子衰老并最终分解，担子菌类如未鉴定的菌核和某种担子菌逐渐增加。在潮湿箱中，某种黏菌是从完全分解的叶子中分离出的唯一黏菌。在本研究中，平均而言，雨季的真菌比旱季更多。
