Pandit Manisha Arora, Kumar Jitendra, Gulati Saloni, Bhandari Neeru, Mehta Poonam, Katyal Roma, Rawat Charu Dogra, Mishra Vachaspati, Kaur Jasleen
Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110008, India.
Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Life Sciences Park, Electronics City Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India.
Pathogens. 2022 Feb 19;11(2):273. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11020273.
Food security has become a major concern worldwide in recent years due to ever increasing population. Providing food for the growing billions without disturbing environmental balance is incessantly required in the current scenario. In view of this, sustainable modes of agricultural practices offer better promise and hence are gaining prominence recently. Moreover, these methods have taken precedence currently over chemical-based methods of pest restriction and pathogen control. Adoption of Biological Control is one such crucial technique that is currently in the forefront. Over a period of time, various biocontrol strategies have been experimented with and some have exhibited great success and promise. This review highlights the different methods of plant-pathogen control, types of plant pathogens, their modus operandi and various biocontrol approaches employing a range of microorganisms and their byproducts. The study lays emphasis on the use of upcoming methodologies like microbiome management and engineering, phage cocktails, genetically modified biocontrol agents and microbial volatilome as available strategies to sustainable agricultural practices. More importantly, a critical analysis of the various methods enumerated in the paper indicates the need to amalgamate these techniques in order to improve the degree of biocontrol offered by them.
近年来，由于人口不断增长，粮食安全已成为全球主要关注的问题。在当前情况下，不断需要为日益增长的数十亿人口提供食物，同时又不破坏环境平衡。鉴于此，可持续的农业实践模式带来了更好的前景，因此最近越来越受到关注。此外，目前这些方法已优先于基于化学的害虫防治和病原体控制方法。采用生物防治就是目前处于前沿的一项关键技术。随着时间的推移，人们试验了各种生物防治策略，其中一些已取得了巨大成功并展现出前景。本综述重点介绍了植物病原体控制的不同方法、植物病原体的类型、它们的作用方式以及采用一系列微生物及其副产品的各种生物防治方法。该研究强调了使用诸如微生物组管理与工程、噬菌体鸡尾酒、转基因生物防治剂和微生物挥发物组等新兴方法，将其作为可持续农业实践的可用策略。更重要的是，对本文列举的各种方法进行批判性分析表明，需要将这些技术结合起来，以提高它们所提供的生物防治程度。
