Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2023 Feb;37(1):166-176. doi: 10.1037/adb0000863. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Delay discounting (DD) refers to the reduction in reward value as a function of its delay, and individuals who misuse alcohol typically exhibit high rates of DD, which may reflect a general preference for immediate outcomes. This interpretation is based on studies utilizing single-commodity DD tasks where the same commodity is available immediately and following a delay. Cross-commodity DD tasks require individuals to choose between different commodities at varying delays and may provide the potential to further illuminate intertemporal preference associated with alcohol misuse. The present study examined associations between single-commodity and cross-commodity DD rates with alcohol use metrics among young adults.
DD by young adults ( = 70, aged 19-24, 71% male, 80% White) who engage in hazardous drinking was examined using a fully parametric combination of immediate and delayed alcohol and money outcomes. We hypothesized that past 30-day alcohol use and alcohol-related negative consequences would be associated with preference for alcohol outcomes independent of whether alcohol was immediate or delayed.
Results support the hypothesis, as past 30-day consumption and AUDIT scores were positively associated with rate of DD in the immediate alcohol versus delayed money task and negatively associated with rate of DD in the immediate money versus delayed alcohol task. Moreover, we found the immediate money versus delayed alcohol task provided unique explanatory power for individual alcohol use.
The observed associations indicate that willingness to invest in future access to alcohol may be associated with elevated alcohol use and related consequences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
延迟折扣（DD）是指随着时间的推移，奖励价值的降低，而滥用酒精的个体通常表现出较高的 DD 率，这可能反映了他们对即时结果的偏好。这种解释是基于使用单一商品 DD 任务的研究，在这些任务中，相同的商品可以立即获得，也可以在延迟后获得。跨商品 DD 任务要求个体在不同的延迟时间内选择不同的商品，这可能为进一步阐明与酒精滥用相关的跨时间偏好提供潜力。本研究考察了年轻成年人中单一商品和跨商品 DD 率与酒精使用指标之间的关联。
使用即时和延迟的酒精和金钱结果的完全参数组合，对年轻成年人（n=70，年龄 19-24 岁，71%为男性，80%为白人，有危险饮酒行为）的 DD 进行了检查。我们假设过去 30 天的饮酒量和与酒精相关的负面后果与对酒精结果的偏好有关，而与酒精是即时的还是延迟的无关。
结果支持了这一假设，因为过去 30 天的消费和 AUDIT 分数与即时酒精与延迟金钱任务中的 DD 率呈正相关，与即时金钱与延迟酒精任务中的 DD 率呈负相关。此外，我们发现即时金钱与延迟酒精任务为个体的酒精使用提供了独特的解释力。
观察到的关联表明，愿意投资未来获得酒精的可能性与饮酒量增加和相关后果有关。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
