Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Obes Facts. 2022;15(4):609-620. doi: 10.1159/000525544. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Paternal smoking associated with childhood overweight and obesity has been a concern, but studies have not investigated smoking exposure and smoking details. We investigated the association of exposures from paternal smoking as well as smoking details on offspring overweight/obesity.
A total of 4,513 children (aged 7-8 years) in Shenzhen were enrolled. Four different exposures from paternal smoking as well as smoking quantity, duration of smoking, and age of starting smoking details were the exposure variables and demographic characteristics, and circumstances of birth, dietary intake, lifestyle, and nonpaternal-smoking exposure were covariates in the logistic regression analysis to determine the effect of paternal smoking on childhood overweight/obesity, estimating odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Paternal smoking was positively associated with childhood overweight/obesity (p < 0.05). Moreover, only preconception exposure, and both pre- and postconception exposure were significantly associated with childhood overweight/obesity (OR 1.54 [95% CI: 1.14-2.08] and OR 1.73 [95% CI: 1.14-2.61], respectively), restricted to boys but not girls. Furthermore, for children with only preconception paternal-smoking exposure, the dose-response relation was positive between smoking quantity, duration of smoking, age at starting, and overweight/obesity for boy offspring (p trend <0.001). We did not find any significant association between only postnatal exposure to paternal smoking and childhood overweight/obesity (p > 0.05).
Our findings suggest that paternal smoking is associated with boys' overweight/obesity, and this association may be due to the paternal-smoking exposure before conception rather than the postnatal exposure to paternal smoking. Reducing paternal-smoking exposure before conception might help reduce overweight/obesity in boys.
父亲吸烟与儿童超重和肥胖有关，这引起了人们的关注，但目前的研究并未调查吸烟暴露和吸烟细节与儿童超重/肥胖的关系。本研究旨在调查父亲吸烟暴露以及吸烟细节与子女超重/肥胖的关系。
本研究共纳入了 4513 名 7-8 岁的深圳儿童。父亲吸烟的 4 种不同暴露情况以及吸烟量、吸烟持续时间和开始吸烟年龄等吸烟细节作为暴露变量，而人口统计学特征、出生情况、饮食摄入、生活方式和非父亲吸烟暴露等作为协变量，采用 logistic 回归分析来确定父亲吸烟对儿童超重/肥胖的影响，估计比值比（ORs）及其 95%置信区间（CIs）。
父亲吸烟与儿童超重/肥胖呈正相关（p < 0.05）。此外，仅受孕前暴露，以及受孕前和受孕后暴露均与儿童超重/肥胖显著相关（OR 1.54 [95%CI：1.14-2.08] 和 OR 1.73 [95%CI：1.14-2.61]），仅限于男孩，而与女孩无关。此外，对于仅存在受孕前父亲吸烟暴露的儿童，男孩后代的吸烟量、吸烟持续时间、开始吸烟年龄与超重/肥胖之间呈正相关剂量-反应关系（p 趋势<0.001）。我们没有发现仅在产后暴露于父亲吸烟与儿童超重/肥胖之间存在显著关联（p > 0.05）。
本研究结果表明，父亲吸烟与男孩超重/肥胖有关，这种关联可能是由于受孕前的父亲吸烟暴露，而不是产后暴露于父亲吸烟所致。减少受孕前的父亲吸烟暴露可能有助于降低男孩超重/肥胖的风险。
