Sheikh Irtiza N, Elgehiny Amr, Ragoonanan Dristhi, Mahadeo Kris M, Nieto Yago, Khazal Sajad
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jun 13;14(12):2912. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122912.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a broad entity which comprises a number of different types of lymphomatous malignancies. In the pediatric and adolescent population, the type and prognosis of NHL varies by age and gender. In comparison to adults, pediatric and adolescent patients generally have better outcomes following treatment for primary NHL. However, relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease is associated with poorer outcomes in many types of NHL such as diffuse large B cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Newer therapies have been approved in the use of primary NHL in the pediatric and adolescent population such as Rituximab and other therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy are under investigation for the treatment of R/R NHL. In this review, we feature the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatments of the most common NHLs in the pediatric and adolescent population and also highlight the differences that exist between pediatric and adult disease. We then detail the areas of treatment advances such as immunotherapy with CAR T-cells, brentuximab vedotin, and blinatumomab as well as cell cycle inhibitors and describe areas where further research is needed. The aim of this review is to juxtapose established research regarding pediatric and adolescent NHL with recent advancements as well as highlight treatment gaps where more investigation is needed.
非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）是一个宽泛的概念，它包含多种不同类型的淋巴瘤恶性肿瘤。在儿童和青少年群体中，NHL的类型和预后因年龄和性别而异。与成人相比，儿童和青少年原发性NHL患者在接受治疗后通常有更好的预后。然而，复发/难治性（R/R）疾病在许多类型的NHL中，如弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤，与较差的预后相关。新型疗法已被批准用于儿童和青少年原发性NHL的治疗，如利妥昔单抗，其他疗法如嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR T细胞）疗法正在研究用于治疗R/R NHL。在本综述中，我们介绍了儿童和青少年群体中最常见的NHL的特征、诊断和治疗方法，并强调了儿童和成人疾病之间存在的差异。然后，我们详细阐述了治疗进展领域，如CAR T细胞免疫疗法、维布妥昔单抗和贝林妥欧单抗以及细胞周期抑制剂，并描述了需要进一步研究的领域。本综述的目的是将有关儿童和青少年NHL的既定研究与最近的进展并列，并突出需要更多研究的治疗空白。
